Term
| Functions of the lymphatic system. |
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Definition
1. Collect excess interstitial fluid
2. Collecting lymph
3. Transporting fats
4. Produce activated T and B cells |
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Term
| This structure of the lymphatic system has blind ended vessels that are larger and more permeable than blood capillaries. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the job of the lymph capillaries? |
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Definition
| Collect excess interstitial fluid from the tissues and deliver it to larger lymph vessels. |
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Term
| Structure of lymph vessels. |
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Definition
| Thin walls and more valves than veins. |
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Term
| Function of lymph vessels (lymphatics). |
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Definition
| Collect lymph from lymph capillaries and deliver it to either the thoracic duct or right lymphatic ducts. |
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Term
| What are the two major lymph vessels? |
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Definition
| Thoracic duct and right lymphatic duct |
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Term
| Which is the largest lymph vessel? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the job of the thoracic duct? |
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Definition
| It collects lymph generated everywhere except the body's upper right quadrant. |
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Term
| Where does the thoracic duct empty the lymph? |
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Definition
| Into the left subclavian vein at its junction with the left jugular vein. |
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Term
| This lymph vessel collects lymph from the body's upper right quadrant. |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does the right lymphatic duct empty its lymph? |
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Definition
| Into the right subclavian vein at its junction with the right jugular vein. |
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Term
| The lymph system is not powered by a "heart". How does it move the lymph around the body? |
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Definition
1. Skeletal muscle activity and pulsation of neighboring arteries.
2. One way valves
3. Negative pressure generated from inspiration pulls lymph upwards
4. New lymph pushes older lymph ahead of it. |
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Term
| What are the 5 organs of the lymphatic system? |
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Definition
1. Nodules
2. Tonsils
3. Lymph nodes
4. Thymus
5. Spleen |
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Term
| The organs of the lymphatic system are made up of what type of tissue? |
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Definition
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Term
| The organs of the lymphatic system are basically (not all, some are diffuse tissue)a cluster of cells held together by reticular connective tissue. What type of cells are in these clusters? |
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Definition
| Lymphocytes, fibroblasts, macrophages and dendritic cells |
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Term
| Lymph tissue that is not organized into discrete organs is also called ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| Give some examples of locations of where lymph tissue not organized into organs could be located. |
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Definition
1. Peyer's patches in the intestine
2. In mucous membranes (lamina propria)
3. Stroma (supporting tissue of an organ)of almost every organ. |
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Term
| Which is the simplest lymph organ? |
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Definition
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Term
| This organ in the lymphatic system is unencapsulated and oval in shape. It also has a medulla and a cortex. |
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Definition
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Term
| The medulla of the Nodule contains what? |
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Definition
| Enlarged lymphocytes, naive B cells and plasma cells |
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Term
| The cortex of the Nodule contains what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What cells are found between the cortex and medulla of a Nodule? |
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Definition
| B cells, helper T cells and dendritic cells |
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Term
| Where can nodules be found? |
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Definition
| Mucous membranes, tonsils, Peyer's patches and in the appendix |
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Term
| What is the structure of tonsils and what is its function? |
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Definition
| Clusters of nodules that protect the nose and pharynx. |
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Term
| Which organs of the lymphatic system are capsulated? |
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Definition
| Lymph nodes, thymus and Spleen |
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Term
| Where can lymph nodes be found? Where are they not located? |
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Definition
Along blood vessels and are where dendritic cells encounter naive lymphocytes.
In the CNS |
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Term
| What is the function of lymph nodes? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the structure of lymph nodes? |
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Definition
| Bean shaped and the nodes are divided into lobes (trabeculae). |
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Term
| What is found in the cortex of the lymph nodes? |
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Definition
| T and B lymphocytes and macrophages |
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Term
| The medulla of lymph nodes contain what and how are they arranged? |
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Definition
| B lymphocytes, marcophages and plasma cells aligned with the strands of trabeculae. |
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Term
| This organ is where T lymphocytes finish their development and become naive T4 and T8 cells. |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the thymus located? |
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Definition
| In the lower neck and extends above the heart. |
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Term
| The thymus has a cortex that consists of what cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| The medulla of the thymus contains what cells? |
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Definition
| epithelial cells, lymphocytes and Hassall's corpuscles |
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Term
| What is Hassall's corpuscles? |
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Definition
| Mass of dying epithelial cells. |
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Term
| The thymus reaches its functional peak during childhood. When does it reach its maximum size and then shrinks. |
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Definition
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Term
| The thymus reaches its functional peak during childhood. When does it reach its maximum size and then shrinks. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the thymus replaced with in later years of life? |
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Definition
| Fat and other connective tissue. |
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Term
| What happens if the thymus is missing? |
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Definition
| SCID develops. (Severe combined immune deficiency) Like bubble boy. no immune system. |
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Term
| What is the largest lymph organ? |
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Definition
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Term
| This organ is encapsulated with trabeculae that is thin and easily ruptured. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the spleen filled with instead of lymph? |
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Definition
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Term
| The spleen is a reservoir of what? |
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Definition
| Red blood cells, iron and platelets |
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Term
| The spleen is divided into what two areas? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| red blood cells and macrophages that are in stretched blood vessel spaces. |
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Term
| Red pulp consists of what? |
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Definition
| RBC, macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma cells, and granulocytes |
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Term
| White pulp consists of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are lymphocytes arranged in white pulp? |
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Definition
| In nodules around blood vessels. |
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Term
| White pulp is responsible for what function of the spleen. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the role of macrophages in the spleen? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the role of macrophages in the spleen? |
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Definition
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Term
| The spleen may be a source of what factor that is missing in hemophiliacs? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens if the spleen is removed? |
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Definition
| The liver and the bone marrow take over most of the functions |
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