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"all of which one is capable in ones life situation" "is a dynamic life experience which changes with a persons perception, knowledge, and meaning of past present and future situations or life events" "is a resources, not an object of living, it is a positive concept" "people in ill health may still consider themselves to be healthy as they are able to lead what they consider to be satisfying lives." |
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-intentional process which has both scientific and humanistic components -is purposeful and intentional -should being about positive change in the client |
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focuses ont eh development of students as nurses and the development of nursing as a whole |
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-Focuses ont he process by which people become increasingly whole -Response that emerges from within the individual if recovery and growth are to be accomplished -Health and healing co-exist |
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-Used to describe the complex rational nature of human life, the world and nursing practice. -Always assuming and looking or how people situations contexts environments and processes are inter;;y connecting and shaping each other |
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3 conditions needed for professional caring |
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1. The nurse must value the client as an individual who has rights dignities, aho requires respect 2. What does the nurse have to know to care for the client (understanding the client needs and knowledge of the nurses own powers and limitations). 3. Nurse must choose what to do from knowledge of the possibilities |
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-Making the connection between lac, class and clinical practice and other out of classroom experiences. -Where the learner pulls it all together |
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learning from a n experience by examining it personally in a reflective way |
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addressing nursing as a discipline, the client being the central focus and the importance of environment and health. |
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context: is explored which takes into consideration many of the environmental factors that inlace and affect client care Culture: will be examined as it related to the richness, complexity and diversity of client care. |
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Flexner's characteristics of a professinal |
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-basically intellectual, carrying with it a high responsibility -learned in nature because it is based on a body of knowledge -Practical rather than theoretical -Technique can be taught through educational discpline -Well organized internally -motivated by altruism |
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TODAY- Attributes of professionalism (RNAO best practice guidelines) |
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1. Knowledge 2. spirit of inquiry 3. Accountability 4. Autonomy 5. Advocacy 6. Innovation and visionary 7. collegiality and collaboration 8. Ethics and Values |
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an inquisitive, inquiring approach to ones own practice |
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-created 7 criteria of nursing as a profession -concluded that nursing was int eh process of professionalization, but it has further to go before it could be considered a profession. |
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8 Characteristics of nursing as a profession |
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understanding of or information about a subject, which has been obtained by experience or study |
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Responsibility for ones conduct or the willingness to be answerable for ones actions |
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an inquisitive inquiring approach to ones own practice |
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Right to self government;personal freedom |
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An advocate is a person who supports or speaks out for a cause, police. this includes being a advocaete/change agent for clients, families and communities as well as the profession. |
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6. innovative and visionary |
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innovative: bring in new methods ideas etc visionary: the act or faculty of seeing, sight; imaginative insight; ability to plan or form police in a far-sighted way. |
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A system of valued behaviours and beliefs for determining right or wrong and for making judgements about wha should be done to or for other human beings. Nursing ethics is reasoned reflection and enquiry about the ethical dimensions of nursing practice as it impacts on the lives of patients, colleagues, and society. |
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7. collegiality and collaboration |
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A colleague is a follow official or order, especially int eh same profession or business. Shared power and authority is vested amond colleges. collaborate mean to work jointly with, co-operate. It does beyond individual requirements and includes other health professionals. |
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Why is professionalism important? |
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- It is an expectation of the public or clients- builds confidence in nursing regulation - identifies characteristics that are inherent to being a nurse These characteristics help nurses develop a therapeutic nurse client relationship. |
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power, empathy, respect, trust and professional intimacy |
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demonstrates a professional presence and models professional behaviour |
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Demonstrates accountability and acceptance of responsibility for ones own actions and decisions |
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Demonstrates professional leadership by: 1. Building relationships and trusting with clients and members of the health care team 2. creating healthy and culturally safe practice environments 3. supporting knowledge development and integration within the healthcare team 4. balancing competing nursing care values and priorities |
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Walker Clendon and Walton (2015) |
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explored nurse attitudes about professionalism following a perception of a decline in professional accountability and link to sub standard care that patients were receiving |
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ETP competencies outline the competencies expected of nurses. RN, RPN, upon entry and ongoing registration with the college. The are used to serve as the criteria in which entry level nurses are measured upon initial registration with the college and entry to practice in ontario. |
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Demonstrates honesty integrity and respect in all professional interactions |
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Establishes and maintains appropriate professional boundaries with clients and other healthcare team members, including the distinction between social interaction and therapeutic relationships |
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to foster knowledge-based nursing practice, promote qualitywork environments, deliver excellence in professional development, and advance healthy public policy to improve health. |
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the national professional voice representing 135,00 registered nurses in Canada. -Federation of 11 provincial and territorial nurses associations and colleges. - national professional voice of registered nurses supporting them in their practice and advocating for health public policy - In charge of the Canadian Nursing exam |
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a student governed interest group of the registered nurses association, represents and acts as a resource for ontarios nursing students. It focuses on needs, concerns and matters of the nursing student body. |
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- Client well being -Client choice -privacy and confidentiality -respect for life -Maintaining commitments -Truthfulness -Fairness |
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- Providing safe, compassionate and ethical care -Promoting health dn well being -Promoting and respecting informed decision making -preserving degnity -mainting privacy and confidentiality -promoting justice -being accountable |
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Stages of socialization- initial innocence |
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-Doing is emphasized with humanitarian ethics of care, kindness and love for those who suffer. -students become worried... -mostly ProCare stage.. students think only they are feeling this way |
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Stages of socialization- Labelled recognition of incongruity |
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middle of the first semester, after receiving feedback.. student and faculty expectations don't match |
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Stages of Socialization- Psyching out |
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Student expend great efforts in attempting to anticipate what the instructors expect of them -They attempt to behave for the instructor.. putting on a front -Often students perceive these behaviours as not genuine -Began during the middle of the first term nd continues to the second term |
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A systematic inquiry into a subject
- can validate what we already know -Can refine existing knowledge -Can discover new knowledge |
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Importance of nursing research |
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- I'm empowered nurses clinical practice -Helps with decision making -Nurses can ask questions aimed at gaining new knowledge to improve patient care, the nursing profession and healthcare overall |
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problems in nursing: education, staffing issues |
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Practice oriented research- first nursing research journals |
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shift from looking at nurses to improving patient care |
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Federal funding established which correlates to the amount of nursing research |
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Findign opportunities increased, Canadian health services research foundation established, more research journal began publication |
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Nursing paradigms (Qualitative) |
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constructive , gathering of information, descriptive.
Relativism, Naturalist, Subjective |
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Nursing Paradigms (Quantitative) |
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Statistical, measurable, experimental
Realism, positivism, objective |
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P- patient problem population of interest I- Intervention of interest C- Comparison of interest O- Outcome |
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a individuals natural or habitual pattern of acquiring and processing information in learning situations |
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Visual Learner Vs. Verbal Learner |
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Strengths Visual: Reading, Writing, Understanding charts or graphs, Good sense of direction, Interperating & manipulating images, Creating visual metaphors, Constructing Practical objects
Verbal: Listening, speaking, story telling, explaining teaching, using humour, remembering information, arguing their point of view, analyzing language usage
Potential Weakness Visual: Listening speaking Verbal: Reading Writing |
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Active learner Vs. Reflective Learner |
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Strengths Active: Work well in groups, experiementalist, evaluate ideas, design and carry out experiments, find solutions that work, "lets try it out and see how it works!" Reflective: Work well alone, observers, define problems, propose possible solutions, "lets think it through first"
Potential Weakness Active: do not learn much in passive situations (most lectures) Reflective: Do not learn much in situations where they don't have time to reflect (most lectures) |
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Sensory learner Vs. Intuitive Learner |
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Strengths Sensory: like facts and data, solving problems by standard methods, patient with detail, memorizing facts, practical and careful, concrete experiemental Intuitive: Like principles and theories, innovative, welcome complications, work faster, comfortable with symbols, abstract conceptualization
Potential Weaknesses Sensing: Problem solving purposes, Dealing with complications, work slower Intuitive: Repetition, Bored with detail, careless |
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Sequential Learner Vs. global Learner |
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Strengths Sequential: Can work with naterial when they understand it partially or superficially, convergent thinking and analysis, organization, focus, consistency, objectivity Global: Divergent thinking and synthesis, seeing the big picture, cooperating in group efforts, paraphrasing, multitasking, reading body language, seeing relationships, sense of fairness
Potential Weaknesses Sequential: Multitasking, sometimes misses the main idea Global: Make skip steps and details, Having to explain themselves analytically |
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Three domains where learning occurs: Cognitive domain |
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involves intellectual understanding |
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Domains where learning occurs: Affective Domain |
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Invovles attitudes, beliefs and emotions |
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Domains where learning occurs: Psychomotor Domain |
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involves the performance of motor skills |
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teaching methods for the affective domain |
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Teaching methods for the cognitive domain |
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discussion formal lecture question and answer sessions role play Games and computer actives |
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teaching methods for the psychomotor domain |
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demonstration supervised practice return demonstration |
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Consideration for teaching older adults |
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- Ensure comfort - Do not equate age with developmental level - Asses clients psychological status -Ascertain clients self-care abilities - Ask for feedback dn employ active listening - Privde frequent feedback -Present material slowly and use examples -Address needs of visual, memory and hearing impaired clients |
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Considerations for teaching children |
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- ensure that child is comfortable -encourage caregiver participation -do no equate age with developmental level -determine self care abilities of child - use play imagination and role play to make learning fun - sue caried visual stimuli - use easily understood terms -provide frequent repetition and reinforcement -develop realistic goals consistent with developmental abilities |
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Tuckmans 6 stages of group or team development |
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orientation, forming, stroming, norming, preforming and terminating |
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team behaviours-uncertainty, unfamiliarity, mistrust, non participation |
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Team behaviours- acceptance of each other, learning communication skills, high energy, motivated |
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Team behaviours- team spirit developed, trust developed, conflict may arise, impatience, frustration |
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Team behaviors- increased comfort, identify responsibilities, effective team interaction, resolution of conflicts |
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Team behaviours- clear on purpose, unity/ cohesion, problem solve and accept actions |
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6. Terminating/adjourning |
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team behaviours- members separate, team gains closure on objectives |
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Characteristics of Effective groups- Atmosphere |
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informal comfortable, relaxed, cooperative |
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Characteristics of effective groups- Goal setting |
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Clarified goals, goals are committed to |
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Characteristics of effective groups- Leadership and member participation |
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Shift from time to time, different members assume leadership because of knowledge or expertise. |
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Characteristics of effective groups- Communication |
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open and two way, ideas and feelings are encouraged |
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Characteristics of effective groups-decision making |
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Characteristics fo effective groups- cohesion |
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facilitated through inclusion, trust and support |
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Characteristics of effective groups- conflict tolerane |
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high tolerance, group seeks to resolve conflict |
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Characteristics of Effective groups- power |
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Characteristics of Effective groups- problem solving |
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high, constructive criticism is frequent, frank, and oriented towards problem solving |
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Characteristics of effective groups-self-evaluation of the group |
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frequent. all memer participate |
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Characteristics of effective groups- creativity |
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Principles that foster collaboration |
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1. CIENT CENTERED CARE 2. evidence informed decision making 3. access to the most appropriate healthcare provider at the right time and the right place 4. epidemiology 5. social justice and equity 6. Ethics |
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Thomas and Kilmanns styles |
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two key dimensions: 1. concern for the self (assertiveness) 2. Concern for the other (cooperativeness) |
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I will be quiet and listen. iTs not that big of a deal. id rather just forget it. |
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I value our relationship more at this point. Lets just get this over with so we can get on to other things. Fine i will give in, have it your way. |
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Im sure if we work together we can come with a better answer that either of us individually |
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this isn't important enough o fight over. i don't want to be unreasonable. if i give her this, maybe she will give me that. We could both live with that. |
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-focuses attention on problems that need to be solved -clarifies what amy or may not need to change - values can be clarified -learn more about team and yourself -more experience with problem solving which can increase self confidence |
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CNO- definitions of conflict |
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-conflict refers to a power struggle -can lead to positive outcomes -needs to be managed effectively -if not managed effectively, can hinder a nurse's ability to provide quality care -conflict is an inherent part of nursing |
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