Term
| what is the pelvic diaphragm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what forms the pelvic cavity? |
|
Definition
| bony pelvis, muscular wall of the pelvis, muscular floor of the pelvis |
|
|
Term
| what does the pelvic diaphragm do? |
|
Definition
| help support the pelvic viscera (bladder, uterus) |
|
|
Term
| which two muscles help form the lateral walls of the pelvic cavity |
|
Definition
| piriformis, obturator internus |
|
|
Term
| which foramen does piriformis exit through? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which 2 muscles form the pelvic diaphragm/floor of the pelvic cavity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which muscle does the anus, urethra, and vagina pass through? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which muscle assists in the voluntary control of urination and fecal continence as well as resisting intra-abdominal pressure that could cause incontinence? |
|
Definition
| levator ani - surrounds the anus and urethra orifices |
|
|
Term
| what innervates muscles of the pelvic diaphragm? |
|
Definition
| ventral rami of S4 and S5 spinal nerves |
|
|
Term
| what does abdominal aorta divide into at L4? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where do the common iliac arteries first divide and what do they divide into? |
|
Definition
| L5-S1 sacroiliac joint level = external and internal iliac arteries |
|
|
Term
| what do the external iliacs vascularize? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do the internal iliac arteries vascularize? |
|
Definition
| pelvic viscera and gluteal region |
|
|
Term
| which 2 divisions does the internal iliac artery divide into? |
|
Definition
| anterior and posterior division |
|
|
Term
| what does the anterior division of the internal iliac artery do? |
|
Definition
| gives rise to numerous branches that vascularize the viscera (uterine, vaginal, vesicle…) |
|
|
Term
| what are the 3 major branches of the anterior division of the internal iliac artery? |
|
Definition
| obturator artery, inferior gluteal artery, internal pudendal artery |
|
|
Term
| where does the obturator artery go after branching from anterior division of internal iliac artery and what does it vascularize? |
|
Definition
| goes through obturator canal with obturator nerve and supplies medial thigh adductors |
|
|
Term
| where does the inferior gluteal artery go after branching from anterior division of internal iliac artery and what does it vascularize? |
|
Definition
| exits greater sciatic foramen below piriformis muscle; supples buttocks |
|
|
Term
| where does the internal pudendal artery go after branching from anterior division of internal iliac artery and what does it vascularize? |
|
Definition
| exits greater sciatic foramen below piriformis muscle then enters lesser sciatic foramen; supplies perineum (genitalia) |
|
|
Term
| what are the 3 major branches of the posterior division of the internal iliac artery? |
|
Definition
| superior gluteal artery, iliolumbar artery, lateral sacral artery |
|
|
Term
| what is the course of the superior gluteal artery after leaving the posterior division of the internal iliac artery |
|
Definition
| large vessels courses between the ventral rami of spinal nerves L4/5 and S1 then exits the greater sciatic foramen above the piriformis muscle |
|
|
Term
| what is the course of the iliolumbar artery after it branches from the posterior division of the internal iliac artery? |
|
Definition
| courses superolaterally and supplies iliacus and psoas muscles |
|
|
Term
| what is the course of the lateral sacral artery after it branches from the posterior divison of the internal iliac artery? |
|
Definition
| courses anterior to piriformis and sends branches through the sacral foramina and canal and helps vascularize the erector spinae muscles |
|
|
Term
| which 2 arteries branch from external iliac artery above the inguinal ligament? |
|
Definition
| accessory obturator artery, inferior epigastric artery |
|
|
Term
| where does the accessory obturator artery go after branching from external iliac artery? |
|
Definition
| passes through obturator canal with obturator nerve |
|
|
Term
| what is the path of the inferior epigastric artery after it branches off from the external iliac artery? |
|
Definition
| goes under lateral folds, pierces rectus sheath and supplies anterior abdominal wall = rectus abdominis muscle |
|
|
Term
| what does the external iliac artery become after passing beneath inguinal ligament? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how many people have an accessory obturator artery? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which structures coures beneath the inguinal ligament? |
|
Definition
| iliopsoas muscle, lateral femoral cutaneous nerve, femoral nerve, femoral artery, femoral vein, inguinal lymph nodes |
|
|
Term
| describe the area below the inguinal ligament |
|
Definition
| divided into (lateral) musclar lacunae and (medial) vascular lacunae by psoas fascia |
|
|
Term
| what goes through the musclular lacunae? |
|
Definition
| iliopsoas muscle, lateral femoral cutaneous nerve, femoral nerve |
|
|
Term
| what goes through the vascular lacunae? |
|
Definition
| femoral artery, femoral vein, femoral ring and canal with lymphatics |
|
|
Term
| what is the lumosacral plexus? |
|
Definition
| collection of ventral rami from spinal nerves L1-S5 that innervate gluteal, pelvic, and lower limb muscles |
|
|
Term
| how is the lumbosacral plexus divided into 2 parts? |
|
Definition
| lumbar plexus = ventral rami L1-L4; sacral/coccygeal plexus = ventral rami L4-C1 |
|
|
Term
| describe iliohypogastric nerve |
|
Definition
| branch of L1 ventral ramus that supplies sensation to hypogastric region |
|
|
Term
| describe ilioinguinal nerve |
|
Definition
| branch of L1 ventral ramus that courses through inguinal canal and supplies sensation in scrotum and/or labia majora |
|
|
Term
| describe lateral femoral cutaneous nerve |
|
Definition
| formed from L2 and L3; sensation to anterolateral thigh; can become impinged under anterior superior iliac spine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ventral rami L234 anterior division, innervates adductors |
|
|
Term
| describe lumbosacral trunk |
|
Definition
| formed by union of L4/L5 ventral rami, contributes to nerves of sacral plexus |
|
|
Term
| describe superior gluteal nerve |
|
Definition
| formed by L4, L5, S1; exits greater sciatic foramen above piriformis; innervates hip adductors |
|
|
Term
| describe inferior gluteal nerve |
|
Definition
| formed by L5, S1, S2; exits greater sciatic foramen below piriformis; innervates gluteus maximus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| formed by S2, S3, S4; exits greater sciatic foramen and enters lesser sciatic foramen; innervates perineum |
|
|
Term
| describe posterior femoral cutaneous nerve |
|
Definition
| formed by S1, S2, S3; supplies cutaneous innervation to posterior thigh |
|
|
Term
| what nerve fibers are in lumbosacral nerves? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the path of GSE, GSA nerve fibers in lumbosacral nerves? |
|
Definition
| GSE's arise in ventral horn, travel though ventral root to through spinal nerve to ventral rami; GSA's return by ventral rami to spinal nerve to dorsal root ganglion to dorsal root to dorsal horn |
|
|
Term
| t is the th of GSA fibers in lumbosacral nerves |
|
Definition
| GVE exits lateral horn, goes through ventral root, goes to white ramus communicans to get to sympathetic chain, goes to lumbosacral spinal cord, synapses on postganglionic neuron at lumbosacral spinal cord level, exits sympathetic chain through gray rami communicante, exits sympathetic chain at lumbosacral spinal cord level, travels to blood vessel or arrector pili through lumbosacral nerve; GVA's return though lumbosacral nerve to closest ventral rami then to spinal nerve then to dorsal root ganglion then to dorsal horn |
|
|
