Term
| Personal meaning is knowing who you are based on your lifespan of experiences, motivation states, and action orientation. |
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Definition
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Term
| Selflessness is an unselfish regard for or devotion to the welfare of others. |
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Definition
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Term
| Charismatic leaders tend to have a more activist mind-set than noncharismatic leaders. |
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Term
| Values are generalized beliefs or behaviors that are considered by an individual or a group to be important. |
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Term
| The Greek word charisma means “extraordinary gift.” |
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Definition
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Term
| Max Weber used the term “charisma” to explain a form of influence based on traditional or legal– rational authority systems. |
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Definition
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Term
| Charismatic leadership is an extension of attribution theory. |
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Term
| The noncharismatic leader’s expertise lies in using available or conventional means to achieve existing goals, whereas the charismatic leader’s expertise lies in using unconventional means to transcend the existing order. |
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Definition
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Term
| Max Weber believed that charismatic leadership is born out of stressful situations. |
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Term
| Most theorists view charisma as the result of follower perceptions and reactions, influenced by leader characteristics and behavior and also by the context of the situation. |
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Term
| The charismatic leader is seen as an object of identification by followers who try to emulate his or her behavior. |
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Term
| Vision is the ability to imagine different and better conditions and the ways to achieve them. |
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Term
| Many charismatic leaders shy away from stories and metaphors and communicate in straightforward ways. |
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Definition
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Term
| Charismatic leaders tend to have a high risk orientation. |
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Definition
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Term
| Charismatic leaders most often use position power to motivate followers. |
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Definition
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Term
| Charismatic leaders empower followers by building their self-interest. |
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Definition
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Term
| Charismatic people are direct rather than indirect in their approach, so that there is no ambiguity about their position on issues. |
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Definition
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Term
| Typically, all charismatic leaders are good leaders. |
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Definition
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Term
| One method for differentiating between positive and negative charisma is in terms of the values and personality of the leader. |
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Definition
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Term
| The self-glorification motive is based on self-confidence and self-enhancement. |
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Definition
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Term
| The socialized charismatic leader is one who possesses an egalitarian, self-transcendent, and empowering personality. |
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Definition
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Term
| Personalized charismatic leaders use rewards and punishment to manipulate and control followers. |
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Definition
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Term
| Negative charismatic leaders emphasize personal identification rather than internalization. |
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Definition
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Term
| Transformational leadership focuses largely on follower attributions rather than on the leader’s vision. |
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Definition
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Term
| Transactional leadership serves to change the status quo by articulating to followers the problems in the current system and a compelling vision of what a new organization could be. |
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Definition
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Term
| All charismatic leaders are transformational, but not all transformational leaders are charismatic. |
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Definition
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| Transformational leaders can emerge from different levels of the organization. |
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Definition
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Term
| Charismatic leaders are few in number. |
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Definition
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Term
| Charismatic leaders are most likely to emerge in the throes of a crisis or turmoil. |
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Definition
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Term
| It has been proposed that transformational leadership is composed of four behavior dimensions— idealized influence, inspirational motivation, individual knowledge, and intellectual stimulation. |
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Definition
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Term
| Transactional leaders challenge followers to think “outside of the box.” |
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Definition
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Term
| The transformational leadership process revolves around the leader–member exchange (LMX). |
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Definition
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Term
| Transactional leadership occurs when managers give monthly bonuses to salespeople for meeting and exceeding their monthly sales quotas. |
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Definition
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Term
| Transformational leadership is also referred to contingent reward leadership. |
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Definition
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Term
| The same leader may use both transformational and transactional leadership. |
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Definition
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Term
The process of managing knowledge involves three processes—identifying, sharing, and
exploiting knowledge. |
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Definition
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Term
| Transformational leaders are brought into an organization to keep the status quo. |
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Definition
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Term
| The first step of the transformation process is to inspire a shared vision. |
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Definition
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Term
| Stewardship is leadership that transcends self-interest to serve the needs of others, by helping them grow professionally and emotionally. |
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Definition
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Term
| Stewardship calls for the highest level of selflessness. |
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Definition
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Term
| Stewardship is realized when authority and decision making are centralized. |
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Definition
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Term
| Stewardship works best when there is perceived equality between leaders and followers. |
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Definition
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Term
| Helping others discover their inner spirit is an example of a servant leader’s role. |
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Definition
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Term
| The hallmark of servant leadership is the desire to help others. |
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Definition
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Term
__________ is the degree to which people’s lives make emotional sense and to which the demands confronted by them are perceived as being worthy of energy and commitment.
a. Legacy
b. Self-belief
c. Personal meaning
d. Purpose in life (PIL) |
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Definition
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Term
Individuals with a positive self-concept possess all of the following EXCEPT:
a. high self-esteem.
b. external locus of control.
c. emotional stability.
d. high generalized self-efficacy. |
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Definition
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Term
Personal power that comes from overcoming inner conflict is: a. self-belief.
b. legacy.
c. cultural heritage.
d. activist mind-set |
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Definition
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Term
Charismatic leadership has been described as __________ leadership. a. transactional
b. servant
c. values-based
d. situational |
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Definition
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Term
The leader’s personal meaning is linked to charismatic leadership through:
a. follower participation.
b. the leader’s expertise.
c. the leader’s position.
d. the leader’s behavior. |
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Definition
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Term
The Greek word charisma means:
a. “extraordinary quality.”
b. “divinely inspired gift.”
c. “exceptional ability.”
d. “attribute of wisdom.” |
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Definition
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Term
Max Weber and the term “charisma” to explain a form of influence based on:
a. traditional authority systems.
b. follower perceptions.
c. leader–member exchange.
d. legal–rational authority systems. |
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Definition
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Term
Charismatic leadership is seen as an extension of __________ theory.
a. expectancy
b. reinforcement
c. attribution
d. contingency leadership |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is NOT one of the behavior attributes that distinguish charismatic from noncharismatic leaders?
a. use of unconventional strategies for achieving desired change
b. dissatisfaction with the status quo
c. compelling nature of the vision
d. use of rewards and incentives for motivating followers |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following statements about noncharismatic leaders is NOT true?
a. Noncharismatic leaders essentially agree with the status quo and strive to maintain it.
b. The behavior of the noncharismatic leader is seen as standard and conforming to existing
norms.
c. Noncharismatic leaders articulate the context of their message by highlighting positive
images of the future vision and negative images of the present situation.
d. The noncharismatic leader’s expertise lies in using available or conventional means to
achieve existing goals. |
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Definition
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Term
Charismatic leaders are aware of the need to align organizational strategies and __________.
a. capabilities.
b. the environment.
c. personality.
d. none of the answers are correct |
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Definition
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Term
The debate concerning the locus of charismatic leadership states that charisma could be the result of all of the following EXCEPT:
a. the emotional involvement of the followers.
b. the leader’s extraordinary qualities.
c. the situation or social climate facing the leader.
d. an interaction of the situation and the leader’s qualities. |
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Definition
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Term
The theoretic issue of the locus of charismatic leadership asks whether:
a. charismatic leaders are born or made.
b. the precondition is in the followers’ mind or in the leader’s mind.
c. the vision is the compelling factor or if the energy and personal charm is the compelling
factor.
d. the leadership phenomenon stems more from the leader’s qualities or the situation facing
the leader. |
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Definition
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Term
An effect of charismatic leadership on followers is to cause them to:
a. imitate the leader’s behavior.
b. set or accept higher goals.
c. have greater confidence in their ability to contribute to the achievement of goals.
d. all of the answers are correct |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is NOT one of the effects of charismatic leadership on followers?
a. unconditional acceptance of the leader
b. emotional involvement of the follower in the mission
c. minimum internal conflict
d. follower trusts in the “rightness” of the leader’s vision |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is NOT a quality of charismatic leaders?
a. high risk orientation
b. minimum internal conflict
c. emotional power base
d. self-promoting personality |
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Definition
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Term
__________ is the ability to imagine different and better conditions and the ways to achieve them. a. Vision
b. Charisma
c. Followership
d. Personal meaning |
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Definition
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Term
Charismatic leaders communicate through all of the following EXCEPT:
a. analogy.
b. stories.
c. policies.
d. inspirational speeches. |
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Definition
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Term
Charismatic leaders build trust in their followers through all of the following EXCEPT:
a. optimism.
b. an abiding faith.
c. strong moral conviction.
d. a self-promoting personality. |
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Definition
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Term
Charismatic leaders are most often likely to use is a(n) __________ power base. a. relational
b. coercion c. position d. emotional |
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Definition
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Term
Research suggests that leaders can enhance their charismatic qualities by:
a. practicing candor and developing an energetic personality.
b. taking greater risks.
c. way of rewards and punishments.
d. all of the answers are correct |
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Definition
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Term
Valuation theory proposes that which of the following two opposing but complementary basic motives drive an individual’s behavior?
a. self-glorification and self-enhancement
b. self-maintenance and self-transcendence
c. self-glorification and self-transcendence
d. self-maintenance and self-enhancement |
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Definition
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Term
The __________ charismatic leader is one who possesses an egalitarian, self-transcendent, and empowering personality.
a. socialized
b. individualized
c. personalized
d. none of the answers are correct |
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Definition
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Term
Socialized charismatic leaders:
a. pursue leader-driven goals.
b. promote feelings of empowerment, personal growth, and equal participation in followers.
c. restrict information.
d. all of the answers are correct |
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Definition
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Term
Negative charismatic leaders emphasize:
a. internalization.
b. ideals.
c. devotion to themselves.
d. all of the answers are correct |
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Definition
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Term
Personalized charismatic leaders:
a. are more relationship-oriented than other leaders.
b. tend to have work groups that are more cohesive and team oriented.
c. are usually perceived as less manipulative than others.
d. do not use their power for socially beneficial causes. |
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Definition
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Term
__________ leadership seeks to maintain stability within an organization through regular
economic and social exchanges that achieve specific goals for both the leaders and their followers. a. Transformational
b. Transactional
c. Servant
d. Charismatic |
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Definition
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Term
Transformational leadership has been found to be positively related to all of the following EXCEPT:
a. moral development.
b. job satisfaction.
c. organizational commitment.
d. employee service performance. |
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Definition
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Term
At the group level, transformational leadership was found to influence:
a. team norms.
b. team potency.
c. decision making in teams.
d. all of the answers are correct |
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Definition
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Term
Charisma is:
a. found in all transformational leaders.
b. totally situationally determined.
c. relational in nature.
d. a psychological phenomenon. |
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Definition
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Term
Transformational leaders:
a. are usually few in number in organizations.
b. are most likely to emerge in the throes of a crisis.
c. can emerge from different levels of the organization.
d. usually come from higher-level management. |
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Definition
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Term
The transformational leader–follower relationship is characterized by all of the following
EXCEPT:
a. individual consideration
b. inspiration
c. intellectual stimulation
d. all of the answers are correct |
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Definition
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Term
Transformational leaders are often seen as:
a. visionaries.
b. risk-takers.
c. change agents.
d. all of the answers are correct |
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Definition
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Term
Transactional leaders are described as all of the following EXCEPT: a. structured.
b. passive.
c. reward-oriented. d. influential. |
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Definition
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Term
Transactional leaders:
a. appeal to higher ideals and moral values.
b. get followers to act by giving them something that they desire in exchange for compliance.
c. attempt to think “outside of the box.”
d. rely heavily on the articulation of a vision to inspire subordinates. |
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Definition
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Term
Some scholars have proposed that transactional leadership consist of all of the following dimensions EXCEPT:
a. contingent reward.
b. management by exception.
c. structured incentives.
d. passive leadership. |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following statements regarding transactional leadership is NOT true?
a. Transactional leadership tends to be transitory.
b. Transactional leadership appeals to higher ideals and moral values.
c. Transactional leadership is also referred to contingent reward leadership.
d. Transactional leadership revolves around the leader–member exchange (LMX). |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is NOT one of the four phases of the transformation process?
a. make a compelling case for change
b. restate the old vision
c. lead the transition
d. implant the change |
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Definition
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Term
Suggested activities for inspiring a shared vision include all of the following EXCEPT:
a. encouraging everyone to think of a new and brighter future.
b. involving others in seeing and moving toward the vision.
c. expressing the new vision in both ideological and economic terms.
d. helping followers find self-fulfillment with the new vision. |
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Definition
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Term
Leading the transition during the transformation involves:
a. challenging the status quo.
b. instilling in managers a sense of urgency for the change.
c. helping followers look beyond self-interests to collective interests.
d. all of the answers are correct |
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Definition
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Term
Implanting the change during the transformation process involves:
a. changing the reward systems.
b. appointing a special task force to monitor progress.
c. enabling and strengthening followers with a “greatness attitude.”
d. all of the answers are correct |
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Definition
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Term
Leadership that empowers followers to make decisions and have control over their jobs is called:
a. servant leadership.
b. followership.
c. stewardship.
d. none of the answers are correct |
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Definition
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Term
Leadership that transcends self-interest to serve the needs of others, by helping them grow professionally and personally is known as:
a. servant leadership.
b. stewardship.
c. charismatic leadership.
d. transformational leadership. |
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Definition
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Term
The biggest difference between servant leadership and stewardship is that:
a. servant leadership calls for the highest level of selflessness.
b. servant leaders lead from positions of moral influence.
c. stewardship is more follower-centered.
d. none of the answers are correct |
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Definition
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Term
The key to successful stewardship is based on all of the following values EXCEPT:
a. strong teamwork orientation.
b. effective listening.
c. equality assumption.
d. reward assumption. |
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Definition
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Term
The absence of which of the following principles make stewardship inoperable?
a. reward assumption
b. strong teamwork orientation
c. service over self-interest
d. decentralized decision making and power |
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Definition
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Term
The key to successful servant leadership is based on all of the following guiding principles EXCEPT:
a. service over self-interest.
b. earning and keeping others’ trust.
c. decentralized decision making and power.
d. helping others discover their inner spirit. |
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Definition
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