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Lrn. Beh. Modification Test 2
Test 2 .. Chapters 6,7, & 8
26
Psychology
Undergraduate 3
10/04/2010

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Term
Operant Conditioning
Definition
the effects of those consequences on behavior
Term
Operant Behaviors
Definition
behaviors that are influenced by their consequences
Term
reinforcer
Definition
Follow a behavior
Increase the future probability of that behavior
Term
punisher
Definition
Follow a behavior
Decrease the future probability of that behavior
Term
Discriminitive Stimulus
Definition
"Notice Something, Do Something, Get Something."

give us information about the effectiveness of our behavior: what behavior is likely to be effective or ineffective, under which conditions, and what the behavior gives us (reinforcement or punishment).

Sets rules of the game.
Term
Classical and Operant conditioning are different how?
Definition
Operant Conditioning requires action on the part of the learner.
Term
Sight Smell of Alcohol, Drinking, Pleasure Less stress. ( What's the SD, R, AND SR)

Pan on stove top.... touch pan... pain
Definition
SD ( Sight of Drink) R ( Drinking) SR ( Less Stress)

Pan ( SD) Touching it ( R) Pain ( SR)
Term
Reinforcement (Positive)
Definition
Add something liked. Increase in R ( Behavior)
Term
Reinforcement ( Negative)
Definition
Remove something disliked so it increase the R ( Behavior)
Term
Punishment (Positive)
Definition
Add something disliked Decreases R ( Behavior)
Term
Punishment (Negative)
Definition
Remove something liked Decreases R (Behavior)
Term
Immediate vs. Delayed Reinforcement
Definition
The more immediate the reinforcer, the stronger its effect on behavior
Term
Primary reinforcers
Definition
are innately reinforcing
Term
Secondary reinforcers
Definition
are learned by being associated with some other reinforcer
Term
Shaping
Definition
allows you to build this desired behavior in steps and reward those behaviors that come progressively closer to the one you have selected as the final goal.
Term
Schedule of Reinforcement
Definition
What you have to do to get the goodies.
Term
continuous reinforcement schedule
Definition
is one in which each specified response is reinforced. ( Each time a rat press the food lever he gets food)
Term
intermittent reinforcement schedule
Definition
is one in which only some responses are reinforced
Term
Four types of Intermittent Schedules
Definition
Fixed ration, variable ration fixed interval and variable interval.
Term
Fixed Ratio
Definition
break and run pattern. A short break followed by a steady run of responses.
Term
variable ratio schedule
Definition
reinforcement is contingent upon a varying, unpredictable number of responses
Term
Stretching the ratio
Definition
means starting out with a very dense, rich reinforcement schedule and gradually decreasing the amount of reinforcement
Term
Fixed Interval Schedules
Definition
reinforcement is contingent upon the first response after a fixed, predictable period of time
Term
Premack Principle
Definition
We can use a behavior we love (high probability behavior) to reinforce a behavior we don’t like to do very much (low probability behavior).
Term
Extinction
Definition
The decrease in the strength of a previously reinforced behavior by withholding the reinforcement
Term
Side Effects of Extinction ?
Definition
Extinction Burst

Increase in Variability

Emotional Behavior

Aggressive Behavior

Resurgence

Depression
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