Anterior Thigh Muscle

Proximal attachment: superior ramus of pubis

Distal attachment: pectineal line of femur

Innervation: femoral nerve

Main Action: adducts and flexes thigh

Deep Gluteal Muscle

Proximal Attachment: Sacrum

Distal Attachment: Greater trochanter

Innervation: Branches of anterior rami of S1,2

Main Action(s): Laterally rotates thigh

Deep Gluteal Muscle-passes through lesser sciatic foramen

Proximal Attachment: margin of obturator foramen and inner surface of obturator membrane

Distal Attachment: posterior aspect of greater trochanter

Innervation: nerve to the obturator iternus (L5, S1)

Main Action(s): laterally rotates thigh

Anterior Thigh Muscle

Proximal Attachment: iliacus (more lateral)-iliac fossa: psoas major (more medial/skinny)-transverse processes and bodies of lumbar vertebrae

Distal Attachment: lesser trochanter of femur

Innervation: anterior (ventral) rami of lumbar nerves

Main Action: flexes thigh at hip joint

Anterior Thigh Muscle

Proximal Attachment: ASIS

Distal Attachment: medial surface of proximal tibia

Innervation: femoral nerve

Main Action: flexes, abducts and laterally rotates thigh

Anterior Thigh Muscle-Quadriceps femoris

Proximal Attachment: AIIS

Distal Attachment: via quadriceps tendon to base of patella

Innervation: femoral nerve

Main Action: extend leg at knee joint

Deep Gluteal Muscle

Proximal Attachment: Ischial Tuberosity

Distal Attachment: Intertrochanteric crest of femur

Innervation: Nerve to the quadratus femoris (L5, S1)

Main Action(s): Laterally rotates thigh

Anterior Thigh Muscle-Quadriceps femoris

Proximal Attachment: linea aspera

Distal Attachment: via quadriceps tendon to base of patella

Innervation: femoral nerve

Main Action: extend leg at knee joint

Anterior Thigh Muscle-Quadriceps femoris

Proximal Attachment: linea aspera of femur

Distal Attachment: via quadriceps tendon to base of patella

Innervation: femoral nerve

Main Action: extend leg at knee joint

Anterior Thigh Muscle-Quadriceps femoris

Proximal Attachment: anterior & lateral surfaces of shaft of femur

Distal Attachment: via quadriceps tendon to base of patella

Innervation: femoral nerve

Main Action: extend leg at knee joint

 Medial Compartment Thigh Muscle-Adductor Compartment

Proximal Attachment: Pubic bone

Distal Attachment: linea aspera of femur

Innervation: obturator nerve

Main Action: adducts thigh

Superficial Muscle of Gluteal Region

Proximal Attachment: Sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament

Distal Attachment: Illiotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity

Innervation: Inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1,2): blood supply from inferior and superior gluteal nerve

Main Action(s): Extensor of thigh and helps rise from sitting position

 Medial Compartment Thigh Muscle-Adductor Compartment

Proximal Attachment: pubic bone

Distal Attachment: pectineal line and linea aspera of femur

Innervation: obturator nerve

Main Action: adducts thigh

 Medial Compartment Thigh Muscle-Adductor Compartment

Proximal Attachment: adductor part-ischiopubic ramus

hamstring part-ischial tuberosity

Distal Attachment: adductor part-linea aspera

hamstring part-adductor tubercle of femur (near medial condyle)

Innervation: adductor part-obturator nerve

hamstring part-tibial part of sciatic nerve

Main Action: adducts thigh (adductor part-flexes thigh: hamstring part-extends thigh)

Superficial Muscle of Gluteal Region

Proximal Attachment: Lateral surface of illium and deep surface of gluteal aponeurosis

Distal Attachment: Lateral surface of greater trochanter

Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve (L5, S1)

Main Action(s): Abductor of thigh

Superficial Muscle of Gluteal Region

Proximal Attachment: Lateral surface of illium

Distal Attachment: greater trochanter of the femur

Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve

Main Action(s): Abductor of thigh

Superficial Muscle of Gluteal Region

Proximal Attachment: ASIS

Distal Attachment: Illiotibial tract

Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve

Main Action(s): Abduct and medially rotate thigh

Medial Compartment Thigh Muscle-Adductor Compartment

Proximal Attachment: pubic bone

Distal Attachment: medial condyle of tibia

Innervation: obturator nerve

Main Action: adducts thigh, flexes leg, helps rotate leg medially

Medial Compartment Thigh Muscle-Adductor Compartment

Proximal Attachment: obturator foramen

Distal Attachment: around greater trochanter of the femur

Innervation: obturator nerve

Main Action: laterally rotates thigh

Deep Gluteal Muscle

Proximal Attachment: Superior: Ischial Spine; Inferior: Ischial tuberosity

Distal Attachment: Greater trochanter

Innervation: Superior gemellus: same nerve as obturator internus; Inferior: same nerve as quadratus femoris

Main Action(s): Laterally rotates thigh

Boundaries

Superiorly: inguinal ligament

Medially: medial border of adductor longus muscle

Laterally: sartorius

SAIL for sartorius, adductor longus and inguinal ligament

Proximal attachment: iliac tubercle

Distal attachment: lateral condyle of tibia

Both gluteus maximus and tensor fasciae latae insert here

Main actions: abduct hip, extend and laterally rotate hip

Proximal attachment: 12th rib and lumbar transverse processes

Distal attachment: iliac crest

Action: flexes the vertebral column laterally and anchors the inferior end of the rib cage during respiration