Term
| Lower Limb Injuries and adolescents |
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Definition
| most vulnerable to these injuries because of their maturing musculoskeletal systems. Not complete until early adulthood, cartilaginous epiphysial plates still exist. |
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Term
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Definition
| discs of hyaline cartilage between metaphysis and epiphysis of long bone that permits the bone to grow longer. "Growing Pains" |
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Term
| fractures of the hip bone; fractures of femoral head, neck, or trocantor |
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Definition
| Pelvic Fractures; Hip fractures |
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Term
| fractures may occur during sudden acceleration or deceleration, like in many sports, that tear away a small part of bone with the tendon or ligament. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| bony projection that lack secondary ossification center. Avulsion fractures occur here when they are attached with muscles. (anterior superior and inferior spines, ischial tuberosities, and ischiopubic rami) |
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Term
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Definition
| angle between the long axis of femoral neck of inclination is decreased -(90 degrees), causes shortening of lower limb. This causes the distal element of the femur to deviate towards midline (bowed in) |
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Term
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Definition
| angle between the long axis of femoral neck of inclination is increased (135 degrees), this causes the distal element of the femur to deviate away from midline, laterally. (Bowed out) |
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Term
| Dislocated Epiphysis of femoral head |
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Definition
| age:10 - 17; The epiphysis of the femoral head may slip away from the femoral neck due to a weakened epiphysical plate. Caused by acute trauma or repetitive microtraumas; slowly slipping away results in progressive coxa vara. |
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Term
| Most commonly fractured lower limb. |
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Definition
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Term
| Part of femur most commonly fractured. |
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Definition
| Neck of femur: it is the narrowest and weakest part, lies at a marked angle to the line of weight-bearing (pull of gravity). |
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Term
| Proximal Femur fracture locations |
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Definition
transcervical (middle of neck);
Intertrochanteric (distal portion of neck) |
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Term
| Femural Head fractures and femoral shaft and trochantor are common in |
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Definition
Ages <40: High-velocity, High-energy impact
Ages >60Female: weak and brittle due to osteoporosis |
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Term
| Femoral neck fractures cause rotation of the lower limb and disrupt |
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Definition
| laterally; blood flow to head of femur |
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Term
| Main blood supply to head and neck of femur |
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Definition
| medial circumflex femoral artery |
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Term
| Branch of medial circumflex femoral artery often torn with femoral neck fractures or when hip is dislocated. |
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Definition
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Term
| Types of fractures of the femoral shaft or trochantor |
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Definition
| spiral fracture results in foreshortening as the fragments override; comminuted (broken into several pieces) |
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Term
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Definition
| seperation of condyles; hemorrhage of popliteal artery (runs posterior surface), compromises blood supply to leg |
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Term
| Tibial fracture area most common to fracture |
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Definition
| tibial shaft, narrowest part at the junction of it's middle and inferior thirds; area with poorest blood supply due to anterior surface is subcutaneous |
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Term
| fracture(Fx)type most common with the tibial shaft |
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Definition
| compound fx (bone fragment protrudes through the dermis); result from direct trauma "bumper fx" |
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Term
| Tibial fx most common in unconditioned hikers |
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Definition
| Transverse stress (March) fx of the inferior third of tibia |
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Term
| Tibial fx most common due to severe torsion such as in skiing |
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Definition
| diagonal fx at the junction of the middle and inferior thirds; fx of the fibula also can accompany; overriding of fragments leads to shortening; |
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Term
| High-speed forward fall common in skiing accidents which angles the leg over the rigid ski boot |
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Definition
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Term
| Tibial fx in children more serious |
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Definition
| if associated with the epiphysial plates may cause interruption of normal growth of the bone |
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Term
| Disruption of the epiphysial plate at the tibial tuberosity may cause inflammation of the tuberosity and chronic recurring pain during adolescence, especially in young athletes. |
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Definition
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Term
| Fibular fx are often associated with |
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Definition
| fracture-dislocations of the ankle joint; excessively inverted position lifts the talus against the lateral malleolus (fibula) shearing it off. common in soccer and basketball players where ankle dislocations are common. |
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