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| What are the individual units that bond together to form a polypeptide (protein)? |
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| What are the individual units that bond together to form a polysaccharide (starch)? |
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| What are protein molecules called that can catalyze (help/speed up) chemical reactions? |
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Term
| What are prokaryotic cells called which lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles? |
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Term
| Is the 3-dimensional shape of a molecule important to it's proper functioning? |
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Term
| What contains DNA in eukaryotic cells? |
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Term
| What are organelles found in autotrophic cells that produce glucose in the process of photosynthesis? |
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Term
| What are the organelles where aerobic cellular respiration occursto produce ATP energy in cells? |
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Term
| What is the selectively permeable boundary around a cell? |
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Term
| _______ from high to low concentration will occur across a membrane if the molecules are small and unchanged. |
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| A _____ ______ ____ will allow for a fast rate of diffusio into a cell. |
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| ______ _________ occurs when membrane proteins use ATP energy to carry materials out of a cell. |
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| What attaches to specific molecules in cell membranes? |
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| Many of the cells inside the human body are ______________ to carry out specific functions. |
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Term
| What process involves a diploid cell dividing into two identical daughter cells? |
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| What disease involves body cells dividing uncontrollably by mitosis? |
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Term
| What is the process of producing haploid cells? |
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| What is one of the factors responsible for producing variation among the gametes produced by an organism? |
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Term
| How are new individuals of an existing species produced? |
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Term
| What process produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent organism? |
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Definition
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Term
| What allows complex organisms such as mammals to be clones? |
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Definition
| Modern cell biology techniques |
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Term
| When can DNA mutations and chromosomal abnormalities be passed on to the next generation of a species? |
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Definition
| If they are present in the cells that produce gametes. |
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Term
| Which hormone stimulates gamete (sperm) production and the formation of secondary sex characteristics in males? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the process that involves the fusion of a haploid sperm cell with a haploid egg cell to form a diploid cell called a zygote? |
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| What is the type of mitotic cell division without a change in cell size, and is involved in embryonic development? |
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Term
| What is the stage of human development when the chorion, amnion, and placenta are necessary to maintain homeostasis? |
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Term
| If parents with desirable characteristics are "selected" to mate, what is the chance that their offspring will possess the alleles for these characteristics? |
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Definition
| There is a very high chance. |
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Term
| What's the only way that genetic diseases can be passed on to the offspring? |
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Definition
| If the disease is present in a gamete, and as a result of sexual reproduction. |
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Term
Each chromosome holds __1__ of genes.
46 chromosomes hold __2__ genes. |
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Definition
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Term
| How do environmental factors such as temperature affect gene activity in organisms? |
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Definition
They can "turn on" or "turn off" genes.
(Ex. the fur of a Himalayan Rabbit.) |
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Term
| What is the process called that involves making an identical copy of a cell's DNA? |
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Definition
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Term
| What process involves matching nucleotide bases together using the law of complementary base pairing? (AT-CG) G-Money! |
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Definition
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Term
| What process does this occur during?: The double strand of DNA unzips as the weak hydrogen bonds between the base pairs are being broken. |
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Definition
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| What occurs in DNA as a result of the production of abnormal proteins or as a result of no protein production? |
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Term
| The insertion of recombinant plasmids into bacterial cells will allow them to produce what? |
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Definition
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Term
| The insertion of recombinant plasmids into plant cells by Agrobacterium tumifaciens infection willow allow what to be created? |
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Definition
| Genetically altered plants |
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Term
| Through what process can recombinant viral DNA be added to human cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| What technique is used to separate fragments of cut DNA according to size? |
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Definition
Gel Electrophoresis
XXX NOT ELECTROGEL PHORESIS XXX |
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Term
| What do organisms have to carry out essential life functions? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the process that may lead to the evolution of new species? |
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Definition
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Term
| What provides the greatest evidence that evolution has occured? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were the first living organisms? |
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Definition
| Unicellular (Single-celled) Prokaryotes |
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Term
| When does the rate of evolution vary? |
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Definition
| It varies in different organisms |
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Term
| In a population, what is the name for the percentage of alleles for a specific characteristic? |
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Definition
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Term
| When a small group of individuals is separated from the main population, they may evolve into a new species that is specialized for their new environment, or become extinct. What is this form of evolution called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What changes result in variation that leads to the formation of new species? |
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Definition
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Term
| What makes evolution possible? |
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Definition
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Term
| If a population has a wide range of variation due to genetic diversity, it gives the population an increased ability to do what if the environment changes drastically? |
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Definition
| It gives the population an increased ability to ADAPT. |
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Term
| What two things in the human body maintain homeostasis? |
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