Term
This image is a congenital anomaly that has epithelial lining and is found more in middle age |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
This image shows a highly echogenic tube inside the liver (relieves portal hypertension) |
|
Definition
TIPS (transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt) |
|
|
Term
This image shows a graph from doppler with all of the waveforms ABOVE the baseline |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
This image shows the liver with METS. The METS shown exhibit calcification. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
This image provides the hint: this liver mass is not likely to hemorrhage |
|
Definition
FNH, focal nodular hyperplasia; For Non Hemorrhaging |
|
|
Term
This image had the hint:prevalent in sheep and cattle raising countries |
|
Definition
Echinococcal cyst/ Hydatid disease |
|
|
Term
This image shows a "break" in the diaphragm and a hint associated with tuberous sclerosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
This image shows a heterogeneous mass (I think) and gives the hint: diagnosis through serologic testing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
This image shows a fatty liver with focal areas of normal liver parenchyma (or the reverse, can't remember) |
|
Definition
focal fatty sparing (focal fatty infiltration would be normal liver with a focal areas of fat infiltration) |
|
|
Term
This image shows a shrunken liver with with coarse texture and ascites (maybe a hint like:6th leading cause of death in the U.S.) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
This image gives the hint: Men 5:1 or more prevalent in men, elevated alpha fetoprotein |
|
Definition
hepatocellular carcinoma HCC |
|
|
Term
What affects the hepatocytes and interferes with liver function? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What are indications of intrahepatic masses? |
|
Definition
displacement of hepatic vascular radicles external bulging of liver capsule posterior shift of IVC |
|
|
Term
WHat are indications of extrahepatic masses? |
|
Definition
internal invagination or discontinuity of liver capsule anteromedial shift of the IVC anterior displacement of the right kidney |
|
|
Term
Which of the following is NOT a congenital anomaly of the liver: hepatic cysts peribiliary cysts Adult polycystic liver disease Von Gierke's Von Meyenburg Complex (biliary hamartomas) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
If multiple cysts are visualized in the liver, what should the sonographer examine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
This is a small focal developmental lesion composed of dilated intrahepatic bile ducts; solid, hypoechoic nodules |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
This is an inflammation of the liver where the parenchyma appears hypoechoic, the portal vein borders have increased brightness, hepatomegaly and elevated AST, ALT, and bili |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
This is a prolonged inflammation of the liver, 3-6 mos, exhibiting a shrunken liver with increased echogenicity, decreased vascular wall visualization, coarse parenchyma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
This progresses to cirrhosis and liver failure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
This disease has symptoms including elevated WBCs, fever, malaise, anorexia, RUQ pain, jaundice |
|
Definition
Bacterial (Pyogenic) Disease |
|
|
Term
This disease shows a characteristic pattern of a "wheel within a wheel" lesions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
This liver disease exhibits elevated WBCs, pain and diarrhea |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is not a finding of Hydatid disease:
densely calcified masses simple cysts with "sand" cysts with detached endocyst widened echogenic portal tracts cysts with daughter cysts "water lily" sign |
|
Definition
widened echogenic portal tracts goes with Schistosomiasis |
|
|
Term
Which of the following is not a cause of fatty liver disease? obesity alcohol abuse use of oral contraceptives diabetes severe hepatitis poorly controlled hyperlipidemia |
|
Definition
use of oral contraceptives |
|
|
Term
What is defined as regions of increased echogenicity present within a background of normal liver? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
This is an autosomeal recessive genetic disorder of carbohydrate metabolism associated with hepatic adenomas and diffuse fatty infiltration |
|
Definition
GSD (Glycogen Storage Disease) Type I, Von Gierkes |
|
|
Term
What is a diffuse process that distorts the normal architecture of the liver? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What are the three pathologic mechanisms that create cirrhosis? |
|
Definition
cell death, fibrosis, regeneration |
|
|
Term
What is the most common benign tumor of the liver? |
|
Definition
hemangioma, women 5:1, histologically multiple vascular channels; <3cm, hyperechoic |
|
|
Term
What is the second most common benign liver tumor? |
|
Definition
FNH; subtle, stealth, NOT likely to hemorrhage; hormonal influence; looks similar to an adenoma |
|
|
Term
This is a rare liver tumor linked to oral contraceptives |
|
Definition
hepatic adenoma; assoc with Von Gierkes; LIKELY to hemorrhage |
|
|
Term
These are rare fatty tumors associated with tuberous sclerosis and renal angiomyolipomas |
|
Definition
hepatic lipomas; "break" in diaphragm |
|
|
Term
This is a common PRIMARY malignancy of the liver; men 5:1; caused by alcoholic cirrhosis and hepatitis B & C |
|
Definition
HCC hepatocellular carcinoma; invades portal veins; increased alpha fetoprotein |
|
|
Term
Remember hemangiosarcoma (angiosarcoma) is... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the most common form of neoplastic involvement in the liver? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What are the three most common sources for METS in the liver? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sarcoma (connective tissue) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the most common site for hepatic trauma? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the benefit of U/S guided bx? |
|
Definition
allows real-time observation of insertion of needle tip into the lesion |
|
|
Term
What are two major causes of portal hypertension? |
|
Definition
cirrhosis and schistosomiasis |
|
|
Term
What accounts for 90% of all hypertension cases in the West? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What are 3 U/S findings of cirrhosis? |
|
Definition
splenomegaly, ascites, venous collaterals |
|
|
Term
What is a rare disorder affecting hepatic veins of the liver/ |
|
Definition
Budd-Chiari Syndrome; caudate spared; caudate enlargement |
|
|
Term
Elevated direct bili and elev alk phos and dilated intrahepatic ducts applies to all the following EXCEPT:
biliary obstruction parenchymal abnormalities passive hepatic congestion extrahepatic mass stones and strictures of CBD |
|
Definition
passive hepatic congestion |
|
|