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Literary Terms
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93
English
8th Grade
09/21/2009

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Term
Alliteration
Definition
The repitition of a consonant sound at the beginning of nearby words.
Term
Assonance
Definition
The repitition of vowel sounds in nearby words.
Term
Consonance
Definition
The repitition of a consonant sound within near by words.
Term
Onomatopoeia
Definition
The use of words which mimic the sounds they describe.
Term
Rhyme
Definition
The repititipn of sounds in two or more words or phrases that appear close to each other in a poem.
Term
End Ryhme
Definition
Rhyme that occurs at the end of lines.
Term
Rhyme Scheme
Definition
The pattern of end rhymes.
Term
Rhythm
Definition
Refers to the pattern or flow of sound created by the arrangmentof stressed and unstressed syllables.
Term
Meter
Definition
The regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables.
Term
Archetype
Definition
A character, action, or situation that is a protype or pattern of human life; a situation, setting, or character that occurs over and over again in literature.
Term
Character
Definition
People or animals who take part in the action of literary work.
Term
Diction
Definition
Word choice intended to convey a certain effect.
Term
Denotation
Definition
The dictionary meaning of a word.
Term
Connotation
Definition
The feelings and attitudes associated with a word.
Term
Flash Back
Definition
A scene that interrupts the action of a work to show a previous event.
Term
Foreshadowing
Definition
Hints or clues that suggest future action.
Term
Imagery
Definition
The use of sensory details to describe one thing in terms of another.
Term
Mood
Definition
The overall feeling created by an author's choice of words.
Term
Plot
Definition
The sequence of events in which a story takes place.
Term
Point of View
Definition
The perspective from which the story is told.
Term
First person point of view
Definition
The story is told from a character who narrates his or her own experiences directly.
Term
Limited 3rd person point of view
Definition
The story is told from the view point of one characteer who can see only a part of the whole story.
Term
Omniscient point of view
Definition
The author is outside the story and presents the thoughts of all the characters involved.
Term
Structure
Definition
The framework or organization of a literary section.
Term
Suspense
Definition
Techniques used by the author to keep readers interested in the story and what will happen next.
Term
Theme
Definition
The "message" that the author intends to communicate by telling the story. These messages are often universal truths.
Term
Tone
Definition
The writer's or speaker's attitude toward a subject, character, or audience; it is conveyed through the authors choice  of word and detail.
Term
Voice
Definition
The author's distinctive style or manner of expression.
Term
Antagonist
Definition
The protagonist's adversary.
Term
Protagonist
Definition

The central character of the story.

Term
Stereotype
Definition
A broad generalzation or an oversimplified view that disregards individual differences; can lead to unfair judgements.
Term
Flat Character
Definition
A character with a simple imporatant trait.
Term
Round character
Definition
A complex character with several traits.
Term
Static Character
Definition
A character that changes little or (not at all).
Term
Dynamic Character
Definition
The character that changes in response to the actions through which he or she passes.
Term
Characterization
Definition
The methods a writer uses to communicate information about characters to readers.
Term
Narrator
Definition
The speaker who tells the story.
Term
Shift
Definition
A change or momement in a literary piece resulting from an epiphany, realization, or insight gained by the speaker, a character, or the reader.
Term
Plot
Definition
The sequence of events in a story.
Term
Exposition
Definition
Background material about the characters, setting, and situation with which the author introduces the story.
Term
Setting
Definition
The enviroment in which the story takes place.
Term
Inciting incident
Definition
Interrupts the harmony and balance of the situation and introduces the conflict.
Term
Rising Action
Definition
The part of the story in which the tension rises toward the climax.
Term
External Conflict
Definition
The central source of tension is between a character and some outside force, such as another charater, society, fate, or nature.
Term
Internal conflict
Definition
The central source of tension is within a character.
Term
Climax
Definition
The moment when the action comes to its highest point of dramatic conflict.
Term
Falling action
Definition
The part of the story that follows the climax and leads to the resolution.
Term
Resolution
Definition
The conclusion of the story.
Term
Allusion
Definition
A reference to a mythological , literary, or historical person, place, or thing.
Term
Analogy
Definition
 A point-by-point comparison between two dissimilar things in order to clarify the less familiar of the two.
Term
Anecdote
Definition
A brief account of an intersesting incident or event that usually is intended to make a point or entertain.
Term
Dialect
Definition
A form of language that is spoken in a particular place or by a particular group of people.
Term
Dialouge
Definition
The actual words that characters speak.
Term
Hyperbole
Definition
An exaggerated statement used to make a strong effect.
Term
Idiom
Definition
An expression whose meaning is different from the sum of the meanings of the individual words.
Term
Irony
Definition
A particular tone created when the speaker intends a meaning that is opposite to the words he or she says.
Term
Sarcasm
Definition
The use of verbal irony (saying one thing but meaning the opposite) in which a person appears to be praising something ut is actually insulting it.
Term
Symbolism
Definition
An image, object, character, or action that stands for an idea beyond it's literal meaning.
Term
Understatment
Definition
A figure of speech in which the speaker says less than what he or she actually feels. 
Term
Apostrophe
Definition
A form of personification in which the absent or dead are spoken to as if present and the inanimate, as if animate.
Term
Metaphor
Definition
A comparison of two things not using "like" or "as."
Term
Paradox
Definition
Occurs when elements of a statement contradict each other.
Term
Peresonification
Definition
A giving of human characteristics to inanimate objects or abstract ideas.
Term
Oxymoron
Definition
A form of paradox that combines a pair of opposite terms into a single unusual expression.
Term
Simile
Definition
A comparison of two things using "like" or "as."
Term
Synecdoche/Metonymy
Definition
A part of something is used to signify the whole; the whole is used to represent a part.
Term
Declarative
Definition
A sentence that makes a sentence.
Term
Imperative
Definition
A sentence that gives a command.
Term
Interrogative
Definition
A sentence that asks a question.
Term
Exclamatory
Definition
A sentence that provide emphasis or express strong emotion.
Term
Simple
Definition
One independent clause.
Term
Compound
Definition
Two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction or by a semicolon.
Term
Complex
Definition
An independent clause and one or more subordinate clauses.
Term
Compound
Definition
Two or more independent clause and one or more subordinate clauses.
Term
Loose
Definition
Makes complete sense if brought to a close before the actual ending of the sentence.
Term
Periodic
Definition
Makes sense fully only when the end of the sentence is reached.
Term
Balanced
Definition
Phrases or clauses balance each other by virtue of their likeness of structure, meaning, or length.
Term
Antithetical
Definition
Two statments that are balanced, but opposite.
Term
Antimetabole
Definition
Arrangment of ideas in the second clause in a reversal of the first.
Term
Asyndeton
Definition
Deliberate omission of conjunctions in a series of related clauses.
Term
Ellipsis
Definition
Intentional omission of a word or words that are readily implied by the context.
Term
Inverted Order
Definition
A sentence with the predicte before the subject.
Term
Juxtaposition
Definition
A poetic a rhetorical device in which normally unassociated ideas, words, or phrases are placed next to one another, often creating  an effect of suprise and wit.
Term
Natural order
Definition
Constructing a sentence so the subject comes from the predicate.
Term
Parallelism
Definition
A grammatical or structural similarity between sentences or a part of a sentence. It involves an arrangment of words, phrases, sentences, and paragraphs so that elements of equal importance are equally developed and similarity phrased.
Term
Polysyndeton
Definition
Deliberate use of many conjunctions for special emphasis.
Term
Repitition
Definition
Device in which sounds, words, and ideas are used more than once to enhance rhythm and to create emphasis.
Term
Rhetorical Question
Definition
Question that requires no answer.
Term
Rhetorical Fragment
Definition
Sentence fragment used deliberately for a persuasive purpose or to create a desired effect.
Term
Anaphora
Definition
Repitition of the same word or groups of words at the beginning of a successive clauses.
Term
Anadipolis
Definition
Repitition of the last wordof one clause at the beginning of the following clause.
Term
Epanalepsis
Definition
Reptition at the end of a clause of the the word that occured at the beginning of the clause.
Term
Epistophe
Definition
Repitition of the same word or group pf words at the ends of successive clauses.
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