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Literary Terms
grammer words to know
43
English
9th Grade
09/11/2006

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Term
exposition
Definition
the point in the story where we meet our main characters, we see what the setting is
Term
complication
Definition
the first point of tension in the plot, the problem that drives the whole story
Term
rising action
Definition
the tension grows and the main character struggle (usually to overcome conflict)
Term
climax
Definition
the point of greatest tension and most suspense in the plot, point where the action stops going "up" and starts going "down"
Term
falling action
Definition
the tension eases, things start to fall into place, the characters and reader start to figure things out
Term
denouement
Definition
the very end where all loose ends are tied up, all conflicts are resolved at or during this point
Term
conflicts
Definition
problems that arise
Term
external conflicts definition
Definition
conflict outside of oneself
Term
types of external conflicts
Definition
man vs. man
man vs. nature
man vs. society (law, police officers, the whole society
man vs. machine
Term
internal conflict definition
Definition
inside oneself
Term
type of internal conflict
Definition
man vs. himself
Term
foreshadowing
Definition
hints in the text about future events in the story's plot
Term
protagonist
Definition
the main character struggling to overcome conflicts
Term
antagonist
Definition
the person or thing working against the protagonist
Term
dynamic character
Definition
chrarcter that goes through a change throughout the plot. character is actively affected b the events of the plot
Term
static character
Definition
character who is the same throughout the plot. never changes -RESISTS CHANGE
Term
flat character
Definition
one dimentional, don't know much about, only one standout personality trait
Term
round character
Definition
well-developed, multifaced character with many sides, more "human" and realistic
Term
character motivation
Definition
clear reasons why chrarcters act as they do or make certain decisions
Term
theme
Definition
the overall message the story offers about life, MUST FIT ENTIRE STORY, ASK WHAT HAS THE PROTAGONIST LEARNED, HOW HAS HE/SHE CHANGED
Term
point of view
Definition
the prespective from which the writer decides to tell the story
Term
omniscient
Definition
all knowing narrator ovserving everything
Term
1st person
Definition
a person intimately involved in action (I, me)
Term
limited 3rd person
Definition
told by an outside observer (he/she)
Term
setting
Definition
TIME and place in which the story takes place
Term
irony
Definition
pretending ignorance to expose the truth
Term
3 types of irony
Definition
verbal, situation, dramatic irony
Term
verbal irony
Definition
when we say one thing but mean another
Term
situation irony
Definition
an occurance that is the opposite of what a reader or character would expect to happen
Term
dramatic irony
Definition
when we know something that the characters in the story do not
Term
satire
Definition
writing or artwork that ridicules human weakness or error IN ORDER TO PROMOTE SPECIAL CHANGE
Term
dystopia
Definition
an imperfect world where seemingly desirable things are infact less than, often used as a warning to society to say "watch what you're doing or this may become your reality"
Term
noun
Definition
person, place, thing, or idea (love, beauty, poverty)
Term
proper noun define & example
Definition
naming specific person, places, or things

United States
Term
common noun define & example
Definition
every other noun

car, actor, dog
Term
types of verbs
Definition
action
linking
action and linking
helping
Term
action verb define & example
Definition
shows mental or physical action (doing stuff)

worked, cries, sees, sings
Term
linking verb define & example
Definition
links the subject of the sentence to an adjective or another noun that describes it

mostly forms of the infinitive to be (am, are, be being, been, is, was, were)
Term
action and linking verbs define & example
Definition
can be an action or link the subject of the sentence to an adjective or another noun that describes it

appear, become, feel, look, seem, smell, sound, taste, remain, stay
Term
helping verbs define & example
Definition
help form the tense of another verb

mostly in the forms or be, have, and do
Term
direct object
Definition
an object that recieves the action of a verb

when you throw something, the thing you throw is the d.o.
when you drive something, the thing you drive is the d.o.
Term
indirect object
Definition
whom or for whom something is done

indirect object is the person "recieving" the gift (the direct object is the gift)
Term
plot
Definition
the events that happen in the story
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