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| A minor character in a work of fiction who does not undergo substantial change or growth in the course of a story. Also referred to as "two-dimensional characters" or "static characters," flat characters play a supporting role to the main character, who as a rule should be round. |
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| A brief reference to a person, event, or place, real or ficticious, or to a work of art. Casual reference to a famous historical or literary figure or event. |
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| The choice of language used by the speaker or writer. For instance a young adult uses different words, language, style depending on to whom s/he is speaking or writing. |
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| The method used by a writer to develop a character. The method includes (1) showing the character's appearance, (2) displaying the character's actions, (3) revealing the character's thoughts, (4) letting the character speak, and (5) getting the reactions of others. |
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| The narrator or a character in the story tells us what we need to know about a character. |
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| Indirect Characterization |
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| We find out about characters indirectly through thoughts, comments, or actions of the characters. |
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| An imaginary person that inhabits a literary work. Literary characters may be major or minor, static (unchanging) or dynamic (capable of change). |
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| The main character in a literary work. |
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| Character that is the source of conflict in a literary work. |
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| They grow or change in several ways - they think and react on many levels - they are central to the story, its conflicts, and its final message - we care about them and tend to react along with them to the things that happen. |
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| Why a character does what he/she does. They are often feelings or logical conclusions, but can be also impulse based upon the actions or words of another. Every action has a motive. The reasons behind a character’s behavior. |
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| The struggle found in fiction. It may be internal or external and is best seen in (1) Man in a fight with another Man: (2) Man in a fight against Nature; (3) Man in a fight with self. |
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| An argument or decision-making process within one character's mind. It has a motive and its resolution is important to the development of the plot. |
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| A fight, argument, disagreement or simply opposition in which two sides are present. Characters, themes, ideas, forces can all be examples. |
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| Language that evokes one or all of the five senses: seeing, hearing, tasting, smelling, touching. |
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| An exaggeration or overstatement. |
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| The comparison of two unlike things using like or as. |
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| The comparison of two UNLIKE things. |
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| Giving human qualities to animals or objects. |
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| The use of hints or clues to suggest what will happen later in literature. |
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| A conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning. |
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| An implied discrepancy between what is said and what is meant. The use of words to convey the opposite of their literal meaning; a statement or situation where the meaning is contradicted by the appearance or presentation of the idea. |
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| When an audience perceives something that a character in the literature does not know. |
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| A discrepency between the expected result and actual results. |
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| When an author says one thing and means something else. |
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| The emotional attitude the author takes towards his or her's subject. |
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| The attitude a writer takes towards a subject or character: serious, humorous, sarcastic, ironic, satirical, tongue-in-cheek, solemn, objective. |
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1: The way in which linguistic elements (as words) are put together to form constituents (as phrases or clauses). The part of grammar dealing with this
2 : A connected or orderly system : harmonious arrangement of parts or elements
3 : Syntactics especially as dealing with the formal properties of languages or calculi. |
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| The plan, scheme, or main story of a literary or dramatic work, as a play, novel, or short story. |
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| The essential background information at the beginning of a literary work. |
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| The development of conflict and complications in a literary work. |
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| The turning point in a literary work. |
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| The end of a literary work when loose ends are tied up and questions are answered. |
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| In short fiction, who tells the story and how it is told are critical issues for an author to decide. The tone and feel of the story, and even its meaning, can change radically depending on who is telling the story. |
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| Determines Time and Place in fiction. |
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| The general idea or insight about life that a writer wishes to express. All of the elements of literary terms contribute to theme. A simple theme can often be stated in a single sentence. |
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| The direct speech between characters in a literary work. |
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| One character speaking to self or directly to the audience. |
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| The results or effects of the climax of a literary work. |
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