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repetition of the beginning consonant sound
Ex.)Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers. |
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something that is out of its chronological order; especially a person or practice that belongs to an earlier time. In a literary piece, an anachronism is an error of chronology or timeline. Generally, they are considered errors that occur due to lack of research.
Ex.)the presence of a wall clock in a setting that depicts the interior of a Roman fort is an anachronism |
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| a short summary of a funny event |
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a person who is lacking traditional heroic qualities
ex.)Professor Snape is depicted as an antihero from the Harry Potter series |
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a brief statement of a principle; an adage
ex.)"out of sight out of mind” or "If you always do what you always did, you will always get what you always got." |
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a recurring and familiar pattern in literature
ex.)Where there's a will, there's a way (kind of theme)....boy-meets-girl-story...or you could have mythological archetypes of good and evil |
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lack of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses or words - it's the exact opposite of polysyndeton
ex.)“I stand here today humbled by the task before us, grateful for the trust you have bestowed, mindful of the sacrifices borne by our ancestors” - Barack Obama |
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a purifying or figurative cleansing of the emotions
ex.)a popular example of catharsis is when Romeo commits suicide after finding a lifeless Juliet |
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the feelings/emotions a word arouses
ex.)The connotation of the word "eagle" arouses thoughts such as independence, bravery, and power. In contrast, the denotation (the definition) of "eagle" would be a bird of prey |
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| inclined to teach or moralize excessively |
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| epanalepsis (eh-pen-ah-lep-sis) |
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the same word or words begin and end a phrase
ex.)"Rejoice in the Lord always: and again I say, Rejoice" -The Bible, Phil. 4.4 |
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a word or phrase used in place of a person's name to characterize that person
ex.)"The Prince of Peace" is an epithet for Jesus Christ and "The Great Emancipator" is an epithet for Abraham Lincoln |
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| the part of a story that explains the background or makes conflict clear |
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writing or speech not meant to be interpreted literally
ex.)similes, metaphors, and personification are a few examples |
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anything that serves as a contrast to call attention to another thing or person's good qualities
ex.)In Harry Potter, Albus Dumbledore, who portrays ‘good’, is constantly shown to believe in the power of true love and is portrayed as a strong, benevolent and positive character while the antagonist Lord Voldemort, who depicts the evil and ‘bad’ is constantly shown to mock and disbelieve the sentiment of love and think of it as a foolish indulgence, a trait that is his ultimate undoing. |
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exaggerating or stretching the truth for effect
ex.)"I'm so hungry I could eat a horse!" - You're emphasizing how hungry you are |
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| when something is different than it is supposed to be or thought to be. Kinds of irony include verbal, dramatic and situational |
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| metonymy (meh-tom-eh-mee) |
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figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for another with which it is closely associated
Ex.)"The White House" meaning "The President" - The White House asked the television networks for air time on Monday night |
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the use of words that imitate sounds
ex.)"buzz", "roar", "meow", "crash" |
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a seemingly contradictory statement that actually presents the truth
ex.)"War is peace" - George Orwell(War is what gives a nation a common enemy and keeps them united) |
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a quality that aroused emotions
ex.)Grandmothers who cannot pay their electric bills and are freezing in the cold during the winter evoke pathos |
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the opening lines of a drama that give background information
ex.)"Too households, both alike in dignity, In fair Verona, where we lay our scene, From ancient grudge break o new mutiny, Where civil blood makes civil hands unclean." -Shakespeare (Romeo & Juliet) |
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a play on words when a word has more than one meaning
ex.)I used to hate math, but then I realized that decimals have a point. Kings worry about a receding heir line. |
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| designated by the pronoun 'you' |
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speech delivered by a character when he/she is alone on stage - talking to oneself rather than to the audience (as in a monologue)
ex.)"To be, or not to be, — that is the question..." |
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something that stands for something unseen
ex.)the scarlet letter represents adultery, the child, Angel... |
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| the writer/speaker's attitude toward a subject of the work |
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