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Literary Terms
Definitions of essential literary terms
30
English
12th Grade
03/03/2010

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Term
aesthetic distance
Definition
the detachment between receptor and a work of art -- the "distance" we maintain between ourselves and art
Term
allegory
Definition
a narrative with abstractions made concrete; a presentation of something by someone else
Term
alliteration
Definition
repetition of initial sounds of words; baby buggy, my mom, tiny tot, birdbrain
Term
allusion
Definition
reference to something, real or fictitious, outside of the work
Term
anachronism
Definition
something out of its proper time or time frame
Term
anecdote
Definition
a short account of an episode of life, usually biographical
Term
antagonist
Definition
opposing character to the protagonist or hero
Term
anticlimax
Definition
a sudden drop in the emotions of the story, sometimes deliberately comic or inept
Term
antistrophe
Definition
one of 2 patterns of a chorus-performance; an alternate or other division of chorus dance/song, retracing a strophe, in ancient Greek drama
Term
antithesis
Definition
the opposite of a thesis (main organizing idea of a work)
Term
apostrophe
Definition
an addressing of a thing as if it were a listening person
Term
archetype
Definition
the original pattern or model from which all other things of the same kind are made; the original or first form or model
Term
an aside
Definition
a character's speech addressed away from others on stage but meant for the audience's ears
Term
assonance
Definition
identical vowel sounds followed by differing consonant sounds, like "tide" and "mine"
Term
atmosphere
Definition
the "air" breathed by the reader as s/he enters a work -- the mood of the work -- setting contributes to atmosphere
Term
blank verse
Definition
unrhymed iambic pentameter
Term
bombast
Definition
rant, inflated speech, exaggerated speech
Term
bucolic poetry
Definition
country-theme poetry (shepherds, mountains, fields and meadows, rural life)
Term
burlesque
Definition
any imitation of a person or literature which, by distortion, aims to amuse. The subject matter is usually faults rather than vices, and the tone is not savage
Term
caesura
Definition
a slight pause within a line of poetry
Term
canon
Definition
the undoubted works of a particular author (the doubtful works are called the apocrypha)
Term
catharsis
Definition
the purgation or purification of the distressing emotions of pity and fear -- the draining and/or refining of these emotions in and by a tragedy
Term
character
Definition
a personage in a literary work -- a short sketch not of an individual but of a type
Term
chorus
Definition
in Greek drama, 12 or 15 performers who sang and danced during parts of plays and served various functions such as characters, advisors, foils, witnesses etc.
Term
chronicle
Definition
a history or register of facts of an event or era
Term
cliche
Definition
a stale, overly used phrase, not fresh or original
Term
closed couplet
Definition
a rhyming couplet in iambic pentameter -- same as "heroic couplet"
Term
cognitive meaning
Definition
descriptive, referential, factual meaning which does not express a writer's attitude or emotion
Term
comedy
Definition
a literary work which is amusing and which moves from trouble to resolution, from quandary attitude or emotion
Term
comic relief
Definition
humorous episodes in tragedy, to relieve or heighten (by contrast) the tragic effect
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