a narrative that serves as an extended metaphor; a story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one

ex.)Pilgrim's Progress is an allegory of the spiritual journey. Other examples would include all of Jesus' parables

having doubtful meaning

ex.)Newspaper headline: prostitutes appear to pope

An ambiguous sentence: He gave her cat food. (Is he giving cat food to her or is he giving her cat some food?)

repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses or lines

ex.)"We came, we saw, we conquered" -Napoleon, or "Mad Word! Mad Kings! Mad composition!" -Shakespeare

a figure of speech in which contrasting ideas are placed within a parallel phrase

ex.)Money is the root of all evils: poverty is the fruit of all goodness, or "Too black for heaven, and yet too white for hell." -John Dryden

repetition of an internal vowel sound

Ex.)How much wood could a wood... or the rain in Spain falls mainly in the plains...

a word or phrase that is overused

ex.)"there are more fish in the sea"

the complication in the story. This could be internal or external

The 5 conflicts are: man vs man, man vs self, man vs society, man vs god, man vs nature

rhyming words that appear at the end of two or more lines of poetry

ex.)The woods are lovely, dark and deep. But I have promises to keep..." - Robert Frost

emphasis on a single word or short phrase interrupting normal speech - typically a bad word, or can be something like WOW! - a word that stands out

Other ex.)At any rate, Indeed, However

a dramatic work with improbable plot situations, exaggerated characters, and slapstick elements

ex.)The Office, Scream, Another Teen Movie

a change in normal word order such as placing the verb before the subject - a change in syntax. Think about Yoda from Star Wars~

ex.)"Yet certain am I of the spot..." - Emily Dickinson

repetition of phrases that have similar grammatical structures

ex.)"The more we do, the more we can do." -William Hazlitt

the use of several conjunctions or connecting phrases in close succession in a sentence

ex.)how young children speak: I went to the mall and then I got some ice cream and then I...and then I...and then I...

the assumed or false name of an author

ex.)Mark Twain's real name is Samuel Langhorne Clemens

the attack of human vice or folly in an effort to prove a point

ex.)Saturday Night Live political skits

a comparison of two unlike things using "like" or "as"

ex.)"My Love is like a red, red rose."