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| a word intended to simulate the actual sound of the thing or action it describes |
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| a character who changes by the end of the story, learning something that changes him or her in a permanent way |
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| a literary type or form. shares conventions, characteristics with other works |
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| human or individual vices, follies, abuses, or shortcomings are criticized by means of ridicule, derision, burlesque, irony, or other methods, sometimes with an intent to bring about improvement |
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| a deliberate exaggeration. used for emphasis or vivd descriptions |
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| a type of figurative language that makes a comparison between tw otherwise unlike objects or ideas by connecting them with the words "like" or "as". allows an author to emphasize a certain characteristic of an object |
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| the perspective from which a story is presented to a reader; the vantage point. some examples: first person, third person omniscient, third person objective |
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| the emotional tone(i.e. joy/horror) in a work, often established by the setting |
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| repeating a consonant sound in close proximity to others |
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| a type of language that varies from the norms of literal language, in which words mean exactly what they say. forces the reader to make an imaginative leap in order to comprehend an author's point. i.e. metaphor |
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| a collection of events that tells a story, which may be true or not, placed in a particular order and recounted through either telling or writing |
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| a word construction or verbal expression closely associated with a given language. i.e. in colloquial English the construction "how come" can be used instead of "why" to introduce a question Similarly, "a piece of cake" is sometimes used to describe a task that is easily done |
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| a comparison of two things made to explain something unfamiliar through its similarities to somting familiar, or to prove one point based on the acceptance of another |
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| a word or group of wordsin a literary work that appeal to one or more of the senses |
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| a character who does not change throughout the work, and the reader's knowledge of that character does not grow |
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| the character, action, setting, or object representing something else in a story |
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| the atmospere or feeling created by a literary work (experienced by the reader) |
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| the main character, usually the hero |
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| the ordering of words into meaningful verbal patterns such as phrases, clauses, and sentences. poets often manipulate syntax, changing conventional word order, to place certain emphasis on particular words |
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| the time, place, physical details, and circumstances in which a story occurs. includes background, atmosphere, and environment |
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| something that evokes a feeling of pity or sympathy |
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| a phrase in which the words are contradictory. ie. jumbo shrimp |
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| the manner of expression of a particular writer, produced by choice of words, grammatical structures, use of literary devices, and all the possible parts of language use. ie: scientific, ornate, plain, emotive |
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| a reference to something or someone, usually literary. often indirect or brief references to well-known characters or events |
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| refers to how a person, situation, statement, or circumstance is not as it would actually seem. many times it is the opposite of what it appears to be. there are different types; verbal, situational, and dramatic |
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| assigning human attributes to something nonhuman. makes objects and their actions easier to visualize, and more interesting |
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| style or manner of expression (experienced by the author) |
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| the major character opposing the main character. usually the villain. doesn't necessarily have to be a person, or evil |
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| the main idea of a piece of literature. may be deep, difficult to understand, or moralistic |
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| the use of hints or clues in a narrative to suggest what action is to come |
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| the statement that reads as being contradictory but upon closer examination reveals some truth. ie. i lived in poverty and died rich |
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| a comparison made by calling one item another item, but literally it is not in connecting one object, event, or place, to another, new and intriguing qualities of the original thing can be uncovered |
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| a scene in a work that interrupts the action to show an event that happened earlier (out of chronological order). gives insight into a character's motivation and/or background to a conflict |
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| the method used by a writer to reveal the personality of a character. one of the most important tools of an author |
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| the main events that structure the story |
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| the beginning of the story that sets the tone, establishes setting, introduces the characters, and gives important background information |
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| the person or force that opposes the protagonist in a short story and many works of fiction; may be internal or external |
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| a French term meaning "unraveling" or "unknotting", used to describe the resolution of the plot following the climax |
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| the moment with the readers' interest and emotional intensity reach the highest point; the decisive turning point of the story and in the protagonist's fortunes or point of view |
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| the moment in which the conflict ends and the outcome of the action is clear |
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| where every aspect of a story is representative, usually symbolic, of something else, usually a larger abstract concept or important historical/geopolitical event. serves as an extended metaphor |
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| where animals or inanimate objects are portrayed in a story as people, such as by walking, talking, or being ggiven arms, legs, facial features, human locomotion, or other anthropoid form |
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| non-rhyming poetry, usually written in iambic pentameter |
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| where the audience or reader is aware of something important, of which the characters in the story are not aware |
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| a poetic meter wherein each line contains ten syllables, as five repetitions of a two-syllable pattern in which the pronunciation emphasis is on the second syllable |
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| use of similar or identical language, structures, events, or dieas in different parts of a text |
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| where a specificword, phrase, or structure is repeated several times, usually in close proximity, to emphasize a particular idea |
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| an association that comes along with a particular word. relate to the ideas or qualities that are implied by that word |
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| the exact meaning of a word; without the feelings or suggestions that the word may imply |
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| the conversation between characters in a drama or narrative |
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| refers to literature or other types of art that are instructional or informative |
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| a recurring object, concept, or structure in a work of literature. may also be two contrasting elements in a work, such as good and evil |
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| one who tells a story, the speaker or the "voice" of an oral or written work. it can be, but is usually not the same person as the author. the direct window into a piece of work. there are three types: participant, observer, or non-participant |
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| a character who makes a contrast with another, especially in a monor character who helps set off a major character |
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| the ordinary form of spoken and written language whose unit is the sentence, rather than the line, as it is in poetry. the term applies to all expressions in language that do not have a regular rhythmic pattern. novels, essays, short stories, and works of criticism are examples |
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| in literature, it is the narrator, or the storyteller, of a literary work created by the author. it is the author's creation; the voice through thwich the author speaks. this device allows for a more genuine manner in which the events of a story are illustrated to the reader |
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