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Literary and Syntactic Terms
over 100 words to learn
94
English
8th Grade
09/20/2009

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Term
alliteration
Definition
the repetition of a consonant sound at the beginning of a nearby words.
Term
assonance
Definition
the repetition of vowel sounds in nearby words
Term
consonance
Definition
the repetition of a consonant sound within nearby words
Term
onomatopoeia
Definition
the use of words which mimic the sounds they describe
Term
rhyme
Definition
the repition of sounds in two or more words or phrases that appear close to each other.
Term
end rhyme
Definition
rhyme that occurs at the end of lines
Term
rhyme scheme
Definition
the pattern of end rhymes
Term
rhythm
Definition
refers to the pattern or flow of sound created by the arrangement of stressed and unstressed syllables
Term
meter
Definition
the regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables
Term
archetype
Definition
a character, action, or situation that is a prototype or pattern of human life a situation setting or character that occure over and over again in literature
Term
character
Definition
people or animals who take part in the action of a literary work
Term
diction
Definition
word choice intended to convey a certain effect
Term
denotation
Definition
the dictionary meaning of a word
Term
connotation
Definition
the feelings and attitudes associated with a word
Term
flashback
Definition
a scene that interupts the action of a work to show a previous event
Term
imagery
Definition
the use of sensory details to describe one thing in terms of another
Term
foreshadowing
Definition
hints or clues that suggest future action
Term
mood
Definition
the overall felling created by an author's choice of words
Term
plot
Definition
the sepuence of events in which a story takes place
Term
point of view
Definition
the perspective from which the story is told
Term
first person
Definition
the story is told from a character who narrates his or her own expierences directly
Term
limited third person
Definition
the story is told from a character who can only see part of a whole story
Term
omnisceient
Definition
the author is outside the story and presents the thoughts of all the characters involved
Term
structure
Definition
the framework or organization of a literary section
Term
suspense
Definition
keep the readers attention and understand what will happen next
Term
theme
Definition
the message that the author sends to the reader
Term
tone
Definition
the writer or speaker attitude toward a subject character or audience
Term
voice
Definition
the authors distinctive style
Term
antagonist
Definition
the protaganist adversary
Term
protaganist
Definition
the central character of a story
Term
stereotype
Definition
a broad generalization
Term
flat character
Definition
with a single important trait
Term
round character
Definition
character with several traits
Term
static character
Definition
changes a little or not at all
Term
dynamic character
Definition
changes in response
Term
charaterization
Definition
the methods a writer uses to communicate to readers
Term
narrator
Definition
the perosn who tells a story
Term
shift
Definition
a change or movement in a literary piece
Term
plot
Definition
the sequence of events in a story
Term
exposition
Definition
background material about the characters setting and situation
Term
setting
Definition
the enviroment in which the story takes place
Term
inciting incident
Definition
interuppts the harmony and balance of the situation
Term
rising action
Definition
the part of a story when the tension start to rise
Term
conflict
Definition
the central source of tension
Term
external conflict
Definition
central source of tension between them and outside character
Term
internal conflict
Definition
the central tension between character and self
Term
climax
Definition
the moment when the action comes to its highest point
Term
falling action
Definition
the part of a story that follows the climax
Term
resolution
Definition
the conclusion of a story
Term
allusion
Definition
a reference to something
Term
analogy
Definition
a point- by- point comparison
Term
anecdote
Definition
a breif account of a intersting incident
Term
dialect
Definition
a form of language that is spoken in a particular place
Term
dialogue
Definition
the actual words that characters speak
Term
hyperbole
Definition
an exaggerated statement used to make a strong effect
Term
idiom
Definition
an exoression whose meaning is different from the sum of the meanings
Term
irony
Definition
a particular tone created when the speaekr intends a meaning
Term
sarcasm
Definition
which a person is praising something but actually insuting it
Term
symbolism
Definition
an image object character or action that stands for an idea
Term
understatement
Definition
a figure of speech in which the speaker says less than what he actualyy feels.
Term
apostrophe
Definition
a form of personification in which the absent or dead are spoken to as if present
Term
metaphor
Definition
a comparison of 2 things not using '' like or as''
Term
paradox
Definition
occurs when elements of a statement condradict each other
Term
personification
Definition
the giving of human characteristics to inanimate objcets
Term
oxymoron
Definition
a form of paradox that combines a pair of opposite terms into a single unusual expression
Term
simile
Definition
a comparison of 2 things using '' like or as''
Term
synecdoche/metonymym
Definition
a part of something is used to signify the whole;
Term
declarative sentence
Definition
sentence that makes a statement
Term
imparative sentence
Definition
sentence that gives a command
Term
interrogative sentence
Definition
sentence that asks a question
Term
exclamotory sentence
Definition
sentence that provides emphisis or express strong emotion.
Term
simple sentence
Definition
one independent clause
Term
compound
Definition
two independent clauses supported by a conjuction
Term
complex
Definition
an independent clause and one or more subordinate clauses.
Term
compound complex
Definition
two or more independetn clause and one or mare subordinate clauses
Term
loose
Definition
makes complete sense if brought to a close before the actual ending of th sentence
Term
periodic
Definition
makes sense fully only when the end of the sentence is reached.
Term
balanced
Definition
phrases or clauses balance each other by virtue of their likeness of structure
Term
antithetical
Definition
two statements that are balnced, but oppsite
Term
antimetabole
Definition
arrangement of ideas in the second clause in a reversal of the first
Term
asyndenton
Definition
deliberate omission of conjuctions in a series of related clauses
Term
ellipses
Definition
intentional omission of a word or words that are readilly implied by the context
Term
inverted order
Definition
a sentence with the predicate before the subject
Term
juxtaposition
Definition
a poetic a rhetorical device in which normally associated with ideas, words or phrases
Term
natural order
Definition
constructing a sentence so the subject comes before the predicate
Term
parallelism
Definition
a grammatical or structural similarity betweeb sentences or part of a sentence
Term
polysyndeton
Definition
deliberate use if many conjuctions for special emphasis
Term
repetition
Definition
device in which words sounds and ideas are used more than once.
Term
rhetorical question
Definition
question that requires no answer.
Term
rhetorical fragement
Definition
sentence fragement used deliberately for a persuasive purpose
Term
anaphora
Definition
repetition of the same word or group of words
Term
anadipolsis
Definition
repitition of the last word of one clause at the begining of the following clause
Term
epanalepsis
Definition
repitition at the end of a clause of the word that occured at the beginning of the clause
Term
epistrophe
Definition
repitition of the same word or group of words at the ends of successive clauses
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