Term
| cholesterol is a precursor for: |
|
Definition
| steroid hormones, Vitamin D, and bile |
|
|
Term
| most cholesterol in the body comes from: |
|
Definition
| liver, only 1/3 comes from the diet |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| carry lipids from intestines to liver |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Liver and converted to LDL in the circulation |
|
|
Term
| which lipid is strongly assoc w athersclerotic lesions? |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| carry lipids toward peripheral tissues |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| carries lipids back to the liver to make bile |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when can VLDL/LDL not be calculated? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| the higher the level of LDL the higher the risk for: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
most asymptomatic
xanthomas
lipemia retinalis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| xanthomas; red yellow papules esp on buttocks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lipemia retinalis; cream colored blood vessels in the FUNDUS |
|
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Term
| High LDL levels can lead to what physical presentation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| familiar hypercholesterolemia results from: |
|
Definition
| defective or absent LDL cell-suface receptors |
|
|
Term
| what are LDL levels in familial hypercholesterolemia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| presentation of familial hypercholesterolemia; |
|
Definition
| athersclerosis in childhood |
|
|
Term
| what surgical Tx is required to survive familial hypercholesterolemia: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| familial hyperchylomicronemia |
|
|
Term
| presentation of familial hyperchylomicronemia: |
|
Definition
| recurrent pancreatitis, hepatosplenomegaly, eruptive xanthomas & lipemia retinalis |
|
|
Term
| elevated insulin in diabetics leads to: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are diabetics risk for MI: |
|
Definition
| same as if they've had a previous MI |
|
|
Term
| primary target of therapy for cholesterol guidlines: normal, DM, highrisk cardiac patient |
|
Definition
| LDL: 100-129, <100 for DM, <70 for high cardiac risk |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| >40 for men and >50 for women |
|
|
Term
| what LDL levels are indicative for medication? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the guidlines for triglyceride management? |
|
Definition
| Tx trig if they are >200 after LDL goal is reached |
|
|
Term
| what is the normal range for trig? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how much does dietary therapy decrease LDL? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how long will it take for dietary effects to take place |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are some dietary recommendations for lipidemia? |
|
Definition
dietary cholesterol <200mg/day
20-30g fiber/day |
|
|
Term
| how does fiber affect cholesterol? |
|
Definition
| fiber moves stool through bowel and doesn't give lrg intestine time to absorb bile/cholesterol back into the system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reduces LDL (by reducing VLDL, raises HDL lowers trig |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 4 meds for lipid management: |
|
Definition
| statins, bile-acid binding resins, ezetimibe, fibric acid derivitives |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in the liver inhibiting cholesterol production |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| elevated liver enzymes, myositis (rhabdo, abdominal pain |
|
|
Term
| how do bile acid binding resins work? |
|
Definition
| binds bile in the intestine requiring body to use internal cholesterol for new bile |
|
|
Term
| what are side effects of bile acid binders: |
|
Definition
GI side effects; constipation/gas
block absorption of fat soluble vitamins/medications |
|
|
Term
| mechanism of action for Ezetimbe: |
|
Definition
| block intestinal absorption of cholesterol; results in reduction of LDL |
|
|
Term
| which drug decreases trig by 40%? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| side effects of fibric acid derivitives: |
|
Definition
| hepatitis, cholelithiasis, & myositis |
|
|
Term
| unless triglycerides are the major concern, authorities recomend starting with which med? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which drug is the only cholesterol reducing drug that can be used during pregnancy: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is a great medication methods to reach lipid management goals? |
|
Definition
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