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Linux+ Chapter 2
Linux+ Chapter 2
100
Computer Networking
Undergraduate 1
01/19/2013

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Term
Against what should each individual hardware component in your computer be checked with?
Definition
Hardware Compatibility List
(HCL)
Term
What is the recommended amount of RAM and hard disk space for a Fedora 13 installation?
Definition
512 MB
20 GB Free Space
Term
What should you create before installing Linux?
Definition
Preinstallation checklist
Term
What is the most common method of
Linux installation?
Definition
DVD Media
Term
What is the Linux installation program itself?
Definition
SYSLinux
Term
If you want to install Linux on an internal or locally attached hard disk drive, what selection is appropriate?
Definition
Selection of Basic Storage Devices
Term
If you want to install on an external Storage Area Network or Direct Access Storage what should you select?
Definition
Select specialized storage devices
Term
By default, what does Fedora 13 use as a host name?
Definition
localhost.localdomain
Term
Why is it important to select the correct time zone for your local system?
Definition
Most network and system services on a Linux system that interact with other components rely on timestamps for correct operation.
Term
What is authentication?
Definition
All Linux systems require secure access, which means the each user must log in with a valid username and password before gaining access to a user interface.
Term
During installation, you need to configure two user accounts. What are they?
Definition
Root & User
Term
What are the four PATA disks and how does Linux refer to them?
Definition
1.)Primary master
2.)Primary slave
3.)Secondary master
4.)Secondary slave
Term
What two kinds of hard disks do newer servers systems use?
Definition
SATA
SCSI
Term
The first SATA/SCSI hard disk is referred to as what?
The second hard disk is referred to as what?
Definition
SDA - First SATA/SCSI
SDB - Second SATA/SCSI
Term
What is a filesystem?
Definition
It is a structure that specifies show how data should reside on the hard disk itself.
Term
At minimum, Linux typically requires only two partitions to be created.
What are they?
Definition
-A partition that is mounted to the root directory.
-A partition used for Virtual memory
Term
Linux swaps partitions using the kernel 2.4 or later should have how large a swap partition?
Definition
Should be at least twice the size of the physical RAM.
Term
Why would you mount some directories to their own filesystems?
Definition
Some common directories in Linux that are used vigorously and as a result are more prone to failure.
Term
What are the most common types of filesystems used today?
Definition
Ext 2
Ext 3
Ext 4
REISER
VFAT
Term
Which filesystem is compatible with FAT and FAT 32 filesystems in Windows?
Definition
Virtual File Allocation Table
(VFAT)
Term
Which filesystems perform a function called journaling?
Definition
Ext 3
Ext 4
REISER
Term
What does a journaling filesystem do?
Definition
Keeps track of the information written to the hard disk in a journal.
Term
What directory contains the Linux kernel and boot files?
Definition
/boot
Term
What directory is the default location for user home directories?
Definition
/home
Term
What directory contains system commands and utilities?
Definition
/usr
Term
What directory is the location for most additional programs?
Definition
/usr/local
Term
What directory is an alternate location for most additional programs?
Definition
/opt
Term
What directory contains log files and spools?
Definition
/var
Term
What is LVM?
Definition
Logical Volume Manager
Term
What is boot loader?
Definition
A program started by the Bios at system startup which loads the Linux kernelinto memory.
Term
What is the boot loader that you can configure during Fedora 13 installation?
Definition
GRand Unified Bootloader
(GRUB)
Term
A full installation of Fedora 13 will place how much dat on the hard disk?
Definition
9GB
Term
What is the name of the interactive utility tha appears before the login prompt on the first boot after installation?
Definition
Firstboot Wizard
Term
By default, how are users authenticated?
Definition
By a password database on the local computer.
Term
What do you choose to authenicate users based on a database that resides on another server on the network?
Definition
Use network login button.
Term
What is the name of the service that shares password databases among Linux systems?
Definition
Network Information Service
(NIS)
Term
Usually, what file is the "kernel"?
Definition
vmlinuz
Term
After a user logs in to a terminal, he or she receives a user interface called what?
Definition
Shell
Term
What does the shell do?
Definition
Accepts input fromn the user and passes this input to the kernel for processing.
Term
What is the shell that is used by default in Linux?
Definition
BASH Shell
(Bourne Again Shell)
Term
When you log in to a terminal what do you receive by default?
Definition
Command-line shell (BASH)
Term
What is the prompt for the root user?
Definition
# prompt
Term
What is the prompt for a regular user?
Definition
$ prompt
Term
What is the default GUI environment in Fedora?
Definition
GNOME
Term
Are command-line commands case sensitive?
Definition
Yes
Term
What are command options?
Definition
They are specific letters that start with dash that is, the hyphen character on your keyboard, and appears after the command to alter the way the command works.
Term
Are all options the same for all?
Definition
No
Term
What are the options that start with two dashes (--)?
Definition
POSIX options
Term
What are command arguments?
Definition
They specify parameters that tailor the command to your particular needs.
Term
What command lists all files within a directory?
Definition
ls -a
Term
What command prints the current date and time?
Definition
date
Term
What command displays currently logged-in-users?
Definition
w
Term
What command displays your login name?
Definition
whoami
Term
What command clears the terminal screen?
Definition
clear
Term
What command exits out of your current shell?
Definition
exit
Term
What is shell metacharacters?
Definition
Keyboard characters that have special meaning.
Term
To what does the $ metacharacter refer?
Definition
Tells the shell that the following text refers to a variable.
Term
To what do the * or ? metacharacters refer?
Definition
Shell Wildcards
Term
To what does the ~ metacharacter refer?
Definition
Special home directory variable.
Term
How do you cancel your currently running command?
Definition
Ctrl+C
Term
How do you use a metacharacter in a command and prevent the shell from interpreting its special meaning?
Definition
Enclose the metacharacter in single quotation marks.
Term
What is the most common form of documentation for Linux command?
Definition
Manual Pages
syntax - man whoami
Term
What command would be used to search manual pages for a command containing a specific word in their name or description?
Definition
man -k
apropos command
Term
What command is used to index the manual page database?
Definition
makewhatis
Term
What command is used to quit info or man pages?
Definition
q key
Term
How do you prepare the OS for shutdown before turning off the power?
Definition
issue the shutdown command
Term
How doea the -h option alter the shutdown command, both with and without an appended numeric value?
Definition
-h = halts immediately
shutdown -h +4 = halts system in 4 mins
Term
How doeas the -c option alter the shutdown command?
Definition
Cancels a scheduled shutdown.
Term
clear
Definition
clears the terminal screen
Term
reset
Definition
resets your terminal to use default terminal settings
Term
finger
Definition
displays information on system users
Term
who
Definition
displays currently logged-in users
Term
w
Definition
displays currently logged-in users and their tasks
Term
whoami
Definition
displays your login name
Term
id
Definition
display the numbers associated with your user account name and group names.
Term
cal
Definition
displays the calendar for the current month
Term
exit
Definition
exits out of your current shell
Term
Metacharacters: characters with a special meaning
Definition
e.g., $
Refers to a variable
Avoid use of metacharacters when typing commands unless using their special functionality
Single quotation marks ‘ ’ protect metacharacter from being interpreted specially by the shell
Term
$
Definition
shell variable
Term
~
Definition
special home directory variable
Term
&
Definition
background command execution
Term
;
Definition
command termination
Term
< << > >>
Definition
input/output redirection
Term
|
Definition
command piping
Term
* ? []
Definition
Shell wildcards
Term
' " \
Definition
metacharacter quotes
Term
() {}
Definition
command grouping
Term
shutdown -h +4
Definition
halts system in four minutes
Term
shutdown -r +4
Definition
reboots your system in four minutes
Term
shutdown -h now
Definition
halts your system immediately
Term
shutdown -c
Definition
cancels a scheduled shutdown
Term
halt
Definition
halts your system immediately
Term
poweroff
Definition
halts your system immediately and powers down the computer
Term
reboot
Definition
reboots your system immediately
Term
Command line prompt:
Definition
Root user: #
Regular user: $
Term
Terminal:
Definition
channel allowing users to log on to the kernel locally or across a network
Term
Use Network Login
Definition
authenticate users based on an external database
Term
Where does the boot loader reside on?
Definition
Boot loader usually resides on the MBR or on first sector of / or /boot partition
Term
Boot loader
Definition
program started by BIOS at system startup
Loads Linux kernel into memory from hard disk
Can also boot other existing OSs
Term
Dual booting
Definition
choose OS to boot at startup
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