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Linguistics Vocabulary (Chapter Five)
Essential Introductory Linguistics, Hudson. WashU
14
Language - Other
Undergraduate 1
10/27/2011

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Term
lexicon
Definition
a richly cross-classified mental dictionary
Term
lexical entries
Definition
complex or richly structured inputs in our mental dictionaries
Term
ways to search lexical dictionaries
Definition
rhyme, initial sound, synonym, rough opposites, other semantic features, context of occurrence, part of speech, spelling (left-to-right), etc.
Term
parts of speech
Definition
major classes of lexical morphemes
Term
nouns
Definition
can be made definite in meaning by use of preceding the;
can be made possessive by suffixing -'s;
can be made negative by prefixing non-
Term
verbs
Definition
may be made past in meaning by suffixing -(e)d;
may be made into agents by suffixing -er;
may be made negative by prefixing dis-
Term
subject-verb agreement
Definition
the necessity to mark verbs differently, often with prefixes or suffixes, according to their subject
Term
noun phrases can be:
Definition
the topic of the sentence
the subject of the verb
the object of the verb
Term
causative
Definition
operating as a cause
Term
intransitive verbs
Definition
verbs without objects
Term
morphological rules
Definition
generalizations which express:
the necessity and possible combinations and temporal (or linear) order of morphemes which make up words, and
when a morpheme has allomorphs, the choice among these
Term
morphophonemic rules
Definition
rules that have both morphological and phonological aspects and effects
Term
hierarchical structure
Definition
the structure of a word such that it expresses which affixes attach to what stem
tree diagrams
Term
morphological analysis
Definition
finding which morphemes, or phoneme sequences, attach to what meanings
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