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1) typical
2) similar from child to child
3) spontaneous
4) creative |
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| generally, children learn the same way, but there are exceptions |
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| a somewhat regular schedule for language learning has been generally observed wherever in the world child language learning has been studied |
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| there is obviously a drive, a strong natural or innate motivation to learn language, so that instruction in the usual sense is unnecessary |
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| results in utterances by them which they cannot of heard- guessing and starting to imagine the combinations of which words can create syntax |
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| a period of regular production by the child of unrecognizable but word-like vocalization, some of which may persist for years, but especially that which typically begins at about six months of age. During early babbling, English-learning children may even produce non-English phones, such as bilabial fricatives, front rounded vowels, and retroflex stops. |
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| when children, usually six to eight weeks old, produce combinations of velar consonants and back vowels |
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| there are substitutions between the adult way of speech and those of the children |
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| before the end of the first year, when the child begins to associate sign with meaning |
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| first words may be heard as little sentences, having the intonation pattern of either statements or yes-no questions -statements with a rise and fall, and yes-now questions with a rise |
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| consonants with more forward articulation replace those with less forward articulation |
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| stops replace other manners of articulation |
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| a preceding phoneme replaces a following phoneme |
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| a following phone replaces a preceding |
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when a word has a broader range of meaning than the apparently equivalent adult word
ex. all furry things are dogs |
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when a word has a narrower range than the apparently equivalent adult word
ex. if the only dog that is called a dog is the child's dog |
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| MLU - mean length of utterance |
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Definition
average number of morphemes in one of the child's utterances
by about 18 months, an English learning child's MLU would be average about 1.5 with virtually no bound morphemes |
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| two word speech without grammatical morphemes |
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pre-nouns
a lexicon that grows and develops for a child to recognize objects |
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more a closed class
pre-verbs |
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| when children practice speech, repetitively talking to themselves as they lay in bed |
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