Term
| (the focus of) Discourse Analysis and the Fairclough text |
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Definition
any form of written or spoken language, such as a conversation or a newspaper article.
The main topic of interest is the underlying social structures, which may be assumed or played out within the conversation or text.
It concerns the sorts of tools and strategies people use when engaged in communication, such as slowing one's speech for emphasis, use of metaphors, choice of particular words to display affect, and so on.
The investigator attempts to identify categories, themes, ideas, views, roles, and so on, within the text itself.
The aim is to identify commonly shared discursive resources (shared patterns of talking).
The investigator tries to answer questions such as how the discourse helps us understand the issue under study,
how people construct their own version of an event, and how people use discourse to maintain or construct their own identity. |
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Term
What is discourse analysis used to study and examine?? What is the aim of research?
What is reflexivity?? |
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Definition
POWER RELATIONSHIPS AND THE EXPRESSION OF POWER RELATIONSHIPS
TO ANALYZE A SPEECH EVENT: medium of message, audience, setting, speaker/writer [social status and other demographic factors such as age, gender, education, political and religious affiliation etc. can be important for both the relaier of the message and the receiver of the message]
Discourse analysis is a way of understanding social interactions. The researcher acknowledges their own bias and position on the issue, known as reflexivity.
The aims of research vary: The aim of one investigator might be to understand power relationships in society in order to bring about change; another may be interested in appearance and how it can shape identify; and another investigator may be interested in an interaction or conversation simply for its own sake (in terms of not knowing what the study might uncover). |
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Term
| Michel Foucault’s definition of discourse analysis |
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Definition
a system of knowledge that determines the limits of thinking and acting
it is a system of possibility that is specific to places and times;
it is what allows us to make statements that are true or false.
All discourses are HISTORICALLY SPECIFIC; that is, they are related to particular historical conditions, and therefore there is no overall discourse that can claim ultimate truth.
Discourse is compromised of a set of rules that is largely unconscious.
Among the rules underlying specific disciplines are
those of exclusion (what cannot be included),
rules of classification (the ways in which we categorize things and their attributes), and
rules of order ( the ways in which we relate things to each other).
Rules also determine who can speak and who cannot speak.
Knowledge that becomes the dominant discourse, the taken for granted knowledge, imbues power not just on those who produced it but those who disseminated it, popularized it as THE ACCEPTED AND TAKEN FOR GRANTED PUBLIC KNOWLEDGE.
POWER relations are embedded in, reinforced, and propagated through dominant discourse
The discourse of those in power becomes the dominant discourse |
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Term
DOMINANT DISCOURSE VS. ALTERNATE DISCOURSE
STATE’S DISCOURCE VS. LOCAL DISCOURSE |
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Definition
What is state discourse? on:
Legitimacy of power
Multiculturalism/different ethnic groups
Women
How is dominant discourse propagated?
Formal education
Media: print, television, radio, electronic (or state control of)
Images: posters, art, statues, picture displays, etc. |
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