Term
| what are some major uses of reservoirs |
|
Definition
| water supply, hydropower, flood control, recreation, misc industries etc. |
|
|
Term
| what % of global annual runoff is stored in resrvoirs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what can the size be of reservoirs? (range) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| reservoirs are ubiquitous and in many parts of the world they are the only type of ___ ecosystems |
|
Definition
| lentic (standing or still water) |
|
|
Term
| what reservoir types are there based on flow modification (4)? describe them... |
|
Definition
1. run of river (downstream flow regime not substantially altered)
2. flood control (release during low flows, store during high flows)
3. hydropower (release when energy is needed each day)
4. recreation, irrigation (make water available when/where needed) |
|
|
Term
| flow patterns in reservoirs affected by...? (2) |
|
Definition
1. epliminetic release
2. hypolimnetic release |
|
|
Term
| reservoir flow patterns are affected by ___ of outflow and size |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| reservoir flow patterns can be affected by size this includes the lotic---> ___ transition but distinct currents of flow can persist |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| density of water enetering a reservoir (does/doesnt) equal density of reservoir water because of what factors? |
|
Definition
| doesn't because of temperature, suspended sediments, salts etc |
|
|
Term
| list 3 reservoir zones... |
|
Definition
1. riverine (zone where turining into rivers)
2. trasitional (in between rivers and lake)
3. lacustrine (lake like zone) |
|
|
Term
| concerning reservoir zones...river drops most sediment load in ___ zone |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| stratification is a limnological attribute of a reservoirs.. what does this attribute depend on |
|
Definition
depends on size
-small reservoirs-may not stratify but river can warm up
-large reservoirs- often monomictic or polymicic
-temperature profile often erratic lacks distinct layers |
|
|
Term
| in reservoirs, oxygen patterns are sensitive to ___ |
|
Definition
| inflow- can get strange vertical profiles |
|
|
Term
| primary production in reservoirs are effected by ___ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| list three age effects on primary production in reservoirs |
|
Definition
1. new reservoirs- trophic upsurge(high production in new reservoirs)
2. trophic depression-later decline in productivity
3. old reservoirs- often eutrophic especially smaller reservoirs, input storage of sediments and nutrients |
|
|
Term
fill in letters (longitudinal gradients)
zones: Riverine-transitional-lacustrine
light A B c
N&P D E F
NEP/L G H I |
|
Definition
AFI=low
GBE=medium
DHC=high |
|
|
Term
| what are 2 downstream effects of reservoirs? |
|
Definition
1. flow alteration (depends on how dam is operated-flod control vs hydro vs run of river)
2. temperature (warm epi b.c epi release can warm downstream habitat and cold hypo bc hypo release can make river much colder than normal) |
|
|
