Term
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Definition
| Cell formed by two gamete cells during fertilization |
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Term
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Definition
| Basic unit of genetic information |
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Term
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Definition
| (Deoxyribonucleic acid) nucleic acid are composed of that determines the nature of every cell in the body and how it will function |
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Definition
| 23 pairs of DNA and proteins that are organized in determining the function of every cell |
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Term
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Definition
| Monozygotic: Genetically identical twins |
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Term
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Definition
| Dizygotic: aka (fraternal) Twins that develop from two separate eggs and sperm |
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Term
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Definition
| Recessive inherited disorder which phenylalanine PHA (amino acid) is unable to be metabolized. If untreated toxic levels rise, this causes mental retardation |
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Term
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Definition
| Disorder caused by an extra 21st chromosome |
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Definition
| Disorder occurring when the X chromosome is injured. Causes mild-moderate mental retardation |
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Term
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Definition
| Blood disorder in the red blood cells; stunted growth, poor appetite, swollen stomach, yellow eyes. Severe cases: rarely live beyond childhood |
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Definition
| Genetic disorder that deteriorations muscular and neurological functions. Victims usually die before they reach school age. Causes: blindness, muscular degeneration |
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Term
| Klinefelter's Syndrome (55) |
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Definition
| Genetic disorder an extra X chromosome is gained during meiosis. Causes: underdeveloped genitals, extreme height, enlarged breasts |
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Term
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Definition
| Procedure examines amniotic fluid; tested for Tayy-Sachs, spina bifida, sickle-cell, downs, muscular dystrophy or Rh. Done week 15-20 |
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Term
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Definition
| Prenatal diagnosis to determine genetic disorders in a fetus. Placentia tissue is collected (via needle) and tested. Done week 8-11 |
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Term
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Definition
| Medical procedure which examines the embryo. Endoscope is preformed through the cervix with fiber optics. Done week 12 |
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Term
| Fetal Blood Sampling (57) |
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Definition
| Medical procedure where blood is collected from the umbilical cord & tested for chromosomal abnormalities. Done week 18 |
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Term
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Definition
| Medical exam during pregnancy to detect abnormalities. High-frequency transvaginal probes & digital image proccessing. Done first Trimester |
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Term
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Definition
| Medical procedure that produces visual image of uterus, fetus, and placenta |
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Term
| Ultrasound Sonography (57) |
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Definition
| Medical procedure that uses very high frequency sound waves to detect structural abnormalities, multiple pregnancies, chart growth etc. |
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Term
| Germinal Stage (placenta)(71-73) |
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Definition
| First/shortest stage of prenatal period (fertilization-2 weeks). Zygote begins to divide & grow in complexity in first two weeks after conception. |
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Term
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Definition
| Period 2 to 8 weeks after fertilization where significant growth occurs in the major organs and body systems |
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Term
| Fetal Stage (fetus) (71-73) |
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Definition
| 8 weeks after conception and continues until birth. The stage when the developing child is more recognizable |
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Term
Pregnancy Problems (74-76)
Infertility |
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Definition
| The inability to conceive after 12 to 18 months of trying to become pregnant |
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Term
Pregnancy Problems (74-76)
Artificial Insemination |
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Definition
| A process of fertilization in which a man’s sperm is placed directly into a woman’s vagina by a physician |
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Term
Pregnancy Problems (74-76)
In Vitro Fertilization |
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Definition
| A procedure in which a woman’s ova are removed from her ovaries and a man’s sperm are used to fertilize the ova in a laboratory |
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Term
Pregnancy Problems (74-76)
Miscarriage |
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Definition
| Occurs when pregnancy ends before developing child is able to survive outside the mother’s womb. |
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Term
Pregnancy Problems (74-76)
Teratogen |
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Definition
| A factor that produces a birth defect. |
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Term
| Mother's Health AIDS (78) |
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Definition
| AIDS may pass (mother to child) via blood to placenta. Moms using anti-viral drugs during pregnancy, < 5 % are born with AIDS. Infants with AIDS need anti viral drugs all their lives. |
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Term
| Mother's Use of Alcohol & Tobacco (79-80) |
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Definition
Alcohol
Fetus: fetal alcohol syndrome
Born child: mental retardation and delayed growth
Tobacco
Fetus: lower oxygen available (lowers oxygen / increases carbon monoxide in mothers blood) Toxins like nicotine will slow the fetus respiration rate and speed the heart. |
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