Term
| Five characteristics of development |
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Definition
- Multidirectional
- Multicontextual
- Multicultural
- Multidisciplinary
- Plasticity
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Term
2 parts of Multidirectional
(change occurs in every direction, not in a straight line) |
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Definition
Gains and losses-at 3 months old, babies become heavier and their little legs can no longer support them that is why they stop stepping when standing.
The Butterfly effect-small changes may have large effects, because every change affects a dynamic system. The opposite can occur like lottery winners becoming less happy than before. |
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Term
| 2 parts of Multicontextual |
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Definition
Historical context- different cohorts think differently and therefore live differently.
Socioeconmic context- not always about money or wealth, but about occupation, education and place of residence. (ex. dishwasher in the slums vs student on campus making the same amount of money) |
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Definition
Culture (deciding what to do each moment)- any group may have its own culture
Ethnicity, Race, and Income-ethnic group refers to appearance. Study of all different races in America said that half of those overlaped with SES. |
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Term
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Definition
| Numerous academic fields-especially psychology, biology, education, and sociology, but also neuroscience, economics, religion, anthropology, history, medicine, gentics, and many more-contribute data and insights. |
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Term
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Definition
| Plasticity provides both hope and realism-hope because change is possible, and realism because each developing person must build on what has come before. |
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Term
| Three domains of human development |
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Definition
Biosocial develpoment
Cognitive development
Psychosocial development |
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Term
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Definition
| Includes all the growth and change that occur in a person's body and the genetic, nutritional, and health factors that affect growth and change. Motor skills-everything from grasping a rattle to driving a car-are also part of the biosocial domain. |
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Term
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Definition
| Includes all the mental processes that a person uses to obtain knowledge or to think about the enviornment. Cognition encompasses perception, imagination, judgment, memory, and language-the processes people use to think, decide, and learn. Education-not only the formal cirriculum in schools but also informal learning-is part of this domain as well. |
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Term
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Definition
| Includes development of emotions, temperament, and social skills. Family, friends, the community, the culture, and the larger society are particularly central to the psychosocial domain. |
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Term
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Definition
A method of testing hypotheses by unobtrusively watching and recording participants' behavior in a systematic and objective manner, either in a lab or in a natural setting.
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Term
| Survery and its inherent problems |
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Definition
a research method in which information is collected from a large number of people by interviews, written questionnaires, or some other means.
A survey can be incorrect because of the way the question is worded or by the way that people answer the question (they are embarassed). |
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Term
| Longitudal study and its inherent problems |
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Definition
A researh design in which the same individuals are followed over time and their development is repeatedly assessed.
- Participants, move away, may withdraw or die.
- Those of a low SES or with a serious illness are less likely to remain involved, skewing the results.
- Continuing participants become used to the questions and develop unlike a normal person would.
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Term
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Definition
| A research design that compares groups of people who differ in age but are similar in other important characteristics (education, SES, and ethnicity). |
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Term
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Definition
| moral principles that members of a profession or group must follow to protect its integrity. |
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Term
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Definition
vision of HD- person studied in all contexts and interactions of life
microsystems-family and friends
exosystems-school and church
macrosystems-larger social setting, cultural values, economic policies, and political processes |
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Term
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Definition
created the mesosystem-all the connections between systems or between parts of a single system
ex. home and school-back to school nights, parent-teacher confrences, phone calls, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| How and why people change or remain the same over time. All people, ages, and circumstances. |
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Term
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Definition
| group of people at the same age, same time experience the same historic events and cultural shifts. |
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Term
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Definition
| Group regarded (by selves and others) as genetically distinct from other groups based on physical appearance |
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Term
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Definition
Ancestors born in same region
Language
Religion
Culture |
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Term
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Definition
Persons position in society based on
- income
- education
- occupation
- residence
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