Term
| Science of Human Development |
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Definition
| the science that seeks to understand how and why people of all ages and circumstances change or remain the same over time. |
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Term
| What are the five basic steps of the scientific method? |
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Definition
| curiosity, develop a hypothesis, test the hypothesis, draw conclusions, report the results. |
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| a general term for the traits, capacities and limitations that each individual inherits genetically from his or her parents at the moment of conception. |
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| a general term for all the environmental influences that affect development after an individual is conceived. |
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Definition
| a time when a particular type of developmental growth (in body or behavior) must happen if it is ever going to happen. |
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| What is sensitive period? |
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Definition
| a time when a certain type of development is most likely to happen or happens most easily, although it may still happen later with more difficulty. for example early childhood is considered a sensitive period for language learning. |
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Term
| What is Biosocial Development? |
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Definition
| Includes all the growth and change that occur in a persons body and the genetic, nutritional, and health factors that affect that growth and change. |
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Term
| What is Cognitive Development? |
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Definition
| Includes all the mental processes that a person uses to obtain knowledge or to think about the environment. i.e. perception, imagination, judgment, memory and language. |
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Term
| What is Psychosocial? (erikson) |
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Definition
| Includes development of emotions, temperament, and social skills. Family, friends, the community, the culture, and the larger society are particularly central to the psychosocial domain. |
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Term
| What is life-span perspective? |
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Definition
| an approach to the study of human development that takes into account all phases of life, not just childhood or adulthood. |
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Definition
| change occurs in every direction, not always in a straight line. Gains and losses, predictable growth, and unexpected transformations are evident. |
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Definition
| Numerous academic fields contribute insights like psychology, biology, education, and sociology. |
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| Human lives are embedded in many contexts, including historical conditions, economic constraints, and family patterns. |
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| Many cultures--not just between nations but also within them--affect how people develop. |
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| Every individual, and every trait within each individual, can be altered at any point in the life span. Change is ongoing, although neither random nor easy. |
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| a group of ideas, assumptions, and generalizations that interpret and illuminate the thousands of observations that have been made about human growth. A developmental theory provides a framework for explaining the patters and problems of development. |
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| A theory of human development that studies observable behavior. Behaviorism is also called learning theory, because it describes the laws and processes by which behavior is learned. |
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Definition
| a learning process in which a meaningful stimulus (such as the smell of food to a hungry animal) gradually comes to be connected with a neutral stimulus( such as a particular sound) that had no special meaning before the learning process began. |
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Definition
| the learning process in which a particular action is followed either by something desired or unwanted. |
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| emphasizes the influence that other people have over a persons behavior. |
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| a theory of human development that focuses on changes in how people think over time. |
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| a research design that compares groups of people who differ in age but are similar in other important characteristics. |
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| a research design in which the same individuals are followed over time and their development is repeatedly assessed. |
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| cross sequential research |
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Definition
| a hybrid research design in which researchers first study several groups of people of different ages and then follow those groups over the years. |
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| research that provides data that can be expressed with numbers, such as ranks or scales. |
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| research that considers qualities instead of quantities. Descriptions of particular conditions and participants expressed ideas are often part of qualitative studies. |
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Definition
| name of developing human 3-8 weeks after conception. |
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Definition
| the name for a developing human organism from start to ninth week after conception until birth. |
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Definition
| a biological mechanism that protects the brain when malnutrition disrupts body growth. The brain is the last part of the body to be damaged by malnutrition. |
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Term
| Sensorimoter intelligence |
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Definition
| piagets term for the way infants think by using their senses and motor skills during the first period of cognitive development. |
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Term
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Definition
| piagets term for a type of adaptation in which new experiences are interpretred to fit into, or assimilate with old ideas. |
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Term
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Definition
| piagets term for a type of adaptation in which old ideas are restructured to include, or accommodate new experiences. |
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