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| the principle that growth follows a pattern that begins with the head and upper body parts and then proceeds down to the rest of the body |
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| the principle that development proceeds from the center of the body outward |
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| the principle that simple skills typically develop separately and independently but are later integrated into more complex skills |
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| principle of hierarchial integration |
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| the principle that different body systems grow at different rates |
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| principle of the independence of systems |
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| the elimination of neurons as the result of nonuse or lack of stimulation |
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| a fatty substance that helps insulate neurons and speeds the transmission of nerve impulses |
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| the gap at the connection between neurons, through which neurons chemicall communicate with one another |
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| At birth newborns brain is what weight? |
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| At two years old the brain is |
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| the degree to which a developing structure or behavior is modifiable due to experience |
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| What creative techniques allow researchers to study infant perception: |
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Definition
physiological responses
eye gaze
behaviors (sucking) |
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| Perception of an unfamiliar stimulus elicits physiological responses |
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| "habituation" most common research technique |
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| one-tenth to one-third that of the average adult |
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| to see depth and motion is achieved at around |
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| Some 12-18 old babies can distinguish their mothers by |
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| Neonate's tendency to turn its head toward things that touch its cheek |
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| Rooting reflex (survival) |
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| movement of legs when held upright with feet touching the floor |
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| stepping reflex (primitive) |
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| Infant's tendency to paddle and kick in a sort of swimming motion when lying gace down in a body of water. |
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| Swimming reflex (primitive) |
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| Activated when support for the neck and head is suddenly removed. The arms of the infant are thrust outward and then appear to grasp onto something. |
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| An infant fans out its toes in response to a stroke on the outside of its foot. |
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| Babinski reflex (primitive) |
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| standing while holding on |
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| grasping with thumb and fingers |
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| building tower of two cubes |
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| What taste do infants demonstrate a preference for |
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