Term
| The new cell formed by the process of fertilization. |
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Definition
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| The basic units of genetic information. |
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Definition
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| The substance that genes are composed of that determines the nature of every cell in the body and how it will function. |
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Definition
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| rod-shaped portions of DNA that are organized in 23 pairs |
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Term
| twins who are genetically identical |
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Definition
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| twins who are produced when two seperate ova are fertilized by two separate sperm at roughly the same time |
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| the one trait that is expressed when two competing traits are present |
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Definition
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| a trait that is expressed when two competing traits are present |
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Definition
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Term
| the underlying combination of genetic maerial present (but not outwardly visible) in an organism |
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Term
| an observable trait; the trait that is actually seen |
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| the male and female reproductive cells (sperm and ovum) |
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Term
| inheriting from parents similar genes for a given trait |
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Definition
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Term
| inheriting from parents different forms of a gene for a given trait |
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Definition
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| inheritance in which a combination of multiple gene pairs is responsible for the production of a particular trait |
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| genes that are considered recessive and located only on the x chromosome |
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Definition
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| the study of the effects of heredity on behavior and psychological characteristics |
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Definition
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Term
| a disorder produced by the presence of an extra chromosome on the 21st pair; once referred toas mongolism |
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Definition
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Term
| Down syndrome occurs in about |
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Definition
| 1 out of 500 births, although the risk is much greater in mothers who unusually young or old |
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Term
| a blood disorder that gets its name from the shape of the red blood cells in those who have it |
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Definition
sickle-cell anemia
1 in 400 |
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Term
| a disorder that produces blindness and muscle degeneration prior to death; there is no treatment |
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Definition
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Term
| a disorder resulting from the presence of an extra X chromosome that produces underdeveloped genitals, extreme height, and enlarged breasts |
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Definition
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Term
| Klinefelter's syndrome occurs in |
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Definition
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Term
| Genetic and Chromosomal Abnormalities: What percentage of zygotes have too few or too many chromosomes and are spontaneously aborted? |
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Definition
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Term
| Genetic and Chromosomal Abnormalities: What percentage of births in the US are born with genetic malformation or disorder? |
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Definition
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| Genetic and Chromosomal Abnormalities: What are the statistics on chronic abnormality births "syndrome" |
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Definition
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| the discipline that focuses on helping people deal with issues relating to inherited disorders |
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Definition
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Term
| a process in which high-ffrequency sound waves scan the mother's womb to produce and image of the unborn baby, whose size and shape can then be assessed |
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Definition
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Term
| What method can identify chromosomal abnornmalities and other disorders, such as heart problems in the 11th to 13th week |
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Definition
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Term
| a test used to find genetic defects that involves taking samples of hair-like material that surrounds the embryo |
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Definition
| chorionic villus sampling (CVS) |
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Term
| the process of identifying genetic defects by examining a small sample of fetal cells drown by a needle inserted into the amniotic fluid surrounding the unborn fetus |
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Definition
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Term
| the determination of traits by a combination of both genetic and environmental factors in which a genotype provides a range within which a phenotype may be expressed |
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Definition
| multifactorial transmission |
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Term
| the first and shortest stage of the prenatal perios, which takes place during the first 2 weeks following conception |
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Definition
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Term
| the period from 2 to 8 weeks following fertilization during wich significant growth occurs in the major organs and body systems |
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Definition
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Term
| the stage that begins at about 8 weeks after conception, and continues until birth |
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Definition
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Term
| an environmental agent that prosuces a birth defect |
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Definition
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Term
| when is the greatest sensitivity to teratogens |
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Definition
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