Term
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Definition
| Body begins to change. Weighs between 40-50 pounds. Stands about 3 and a half feet. Looks lean not chubby. Proportional. |
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Term
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Definition
| What the kid eats, How much he or she eats. Recommended milk 24 ounces and 6 oz of juice...no sweets or sweet cereal. |
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Term
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Definition
| Complication of early nutrition is that many young children are compulsive about daily routines. Ex children eating only certain foods, prepared and presented in a particular way. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process by which axons become coated with myelin, a fatty substance that speeds the transmission of nerve impulses from neuron to neuron. |
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Term
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Definition
| Grows and myelinates rapidly during early childhood. It is a band or nerve fibers that connects the left and right sides of the brain. |
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Term
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Definition
| performs brains executive functions planning, selecting, and coordinating thoughts. |
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Term
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Definition
| Neural centers in the limbic system linked to emotion. |
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Term
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Definition
| A structure in the limbic system linked to memory. |
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Term
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Definition
| Controls maintenance functions such as eating: helps govern endocrine system:Linked to emotion and reward. |
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Term
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Definition
| A characteristic of pre operational thought whereby a young child focuses or centers on one idea, excluding all others. |
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Term
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Definition
| Piaget's term for young children's tendency to think about the world entirely from their own personal perspective. |
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Term
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Definition
| A characteristic of pre operational thought whereby a young child ignores all attributes that are not apparent. |
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Term
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Definition
| A characteristic of pre operational thought whereby a young child thinks that nothing changes Whatever is now has always been and always will be. |
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Term
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Definition
| A characteristic of pre operational thought whereby a young child thinks that nothing can be undone. A thing cannot be restored to the way it was before a change occurred. |
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Term
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Definition
| The principle that the amount of a substance remains the same (i.e. is conserved) when its appearance changes. |
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Term
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Definition
| The belief that natural objects and phenomena are alive. |
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Term
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Definition
| Vygotskys term for a person whose cognition is stimulatad and directed by older and more skilled members of society. |
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Term
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Definition
| Temporary support that is tailored to a learners needs and abilities and aimed at helping the learner master the nest task in given learning process. |
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Term
| (zpd) Zone of proximal development |
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Definition
| Vygotskys term for the skills--cognitive as well as physical--that a person can exercise only with assistance, not yet independently |
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Term
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Definition
| Developmental programs- stressing children's natural inclination to learn through play rather than by following adult directions. |
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Term
| Teacher-directed programs |
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Definition
| Programs that stresses academic subjects taught by a teacher to an entire class. (Regular school) |
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Term
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Definition
| Head start is an example...basically starting education sooner rather than later. |
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Term
| injury control/ harm reduction |
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Definition
| Practices that are aimed at anticipating, controlling, and preventing dangerous activities; these practices reflect the beliefs that accidents are not random and that injuries can be mace less harmful if proper controls are in place. |
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Term
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Definition
| Leading cause of death in 40 yr olds and below. |
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Term
| Three levels of Prevention |
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Definition
| Primary, Secondary, Tertiary |
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Term
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Definition
| Actions that change overall background conditions to prevent some unwanted event or circumstance, such as injury, disease, or abuse. |
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Term
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Definition
| Actions that avert harm in a high-risk situation, such as stopping a car before it hits a pedestrian or installing traffic lights at dangerous intersections. |
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Term
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Definition
| Actions, such as immediate and effective medical treatment, that are taken after an adverse event (such as an illness, or abuse). aimed at reducing harm or preventing disability. |
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Term
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Definition
| Intentional harm to or avoidable endangerment of anyone under 18 years of age. |
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Term
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Definition
| Deliberate action that is harmful to a child's physical, emotional, or sexual well-being. |
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Term
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Definition
| Failure to meet a child's basic physical, educational, or emotional needs. |
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Term
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Definition
| The ability to control when and how emotions are expressed. |
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Term
Initiative vs Guilt
Erikson |
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Definition
| Eriksons's third psychosocial crisis, in which children undertake new skills and activities and feel guilty when they do not succeed at them. |
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Term
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Definition
| A person's evaluation of his or her own worth, either in specifics....eg, intelligence, attractiveness or in general. |
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Term
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Definition
| A person's understanding of who he or she is, incorporating self-esteem, physical appearance, personality, and various personal traits, such as gender and size. |
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Term
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Definition
| Basically doing something to make yourself feel good. |
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Term
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Definition
| Basically doing something because of being rewarded from outside.(other people or things) |
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Term
| Baumrind's three patterns of parenting |
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Definition
| Authoritarian, Permissive, Authoritative |
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Term
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Definition
| Strict punishment little communication. |
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Term
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Definition
| High nurturance and communication but little discipline, guidance, or control. |
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Term
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Definition
| Setting limits and enforcing rules but are flexible and listen to their children. (best method) |
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Term
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Definition
| The ability to understand the emotions and concerns of another person, especially when they differ from ones own. |
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Term
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Definition
| Feelings of dislike or even hatred for another person. |
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Term
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Definition
| Actions that are deliberately hurtful or destructive to another person. |
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Term
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Definition
| Actions that are helpful and kind but that are of no obvious benefit to the person doing them |
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Term
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Definition
| Harmful behavior that is intended to get something of a physical nature from someone and keep it. |
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Term
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Definition
| An impulsive retaliation for another person;s intentional or accidental action, verbal or physical. |
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Term
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Definition
| Nonphysical acts, such as insults or social rejection, aimed at harming the social connection between the victim and other people. |
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Term
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Definition
| Unprovoked, repeated physical or verbal attack, especially on victims who are unlikely to defend themselves. |
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Term
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Definition
| Biological differences between males and females. |
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Term
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Definition
| Differences in the roles and behaviors that are prescribed by a culture for males and females. |
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Term
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Definition
| A child's cognitive concept or general belief about sex differences, which is based on his or her observations and experiences. |
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Term
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Definition
| 7-11 ....gains about 2in and 5 pounds a year. |
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Term
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Definition
| in an adult, having a BMI of 30 or more in a child, having a BMI above the 95 percentile. |
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Term
Concrete operational thought
Piaget |
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Definition
| Piagets term for the ability to reason logically about direct experiences and perceptions. |
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Term
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Definition
| The logical principle that things can be organized into groups according to characteristics they have in common. |
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Term
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Definition
| ability to apply logic that appears at about age 7 involves making connections that are implied, not stated. |
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Term
| Information-processing theory |
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Definition
| comparing a humans thinking process to that of a computer. |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability to concentrate on some stimuli while ignoring others. |
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Term
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Definition
| Where repetition makes the sequence routine, no longer requiring thought. |
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Term
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Definition
| The time it takes to respond to a stimulus either physically or cognitively. |
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Term
| Sensory memory or sensory register |
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Definition
| The component of the information processing system in which incoming stimulus information is stored for split second to allow it to be processed. |
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Term
| Working memory or short term |
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Definition
| When the current, conscious mental activity occurs |
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Term
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Definition
| virtually limitless amounts of info can be stored indefinitely. |
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Term
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Definition
| Basically when one thinks about thinking. ex I'm thinking about going out... how will i do this what will i wear. |
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Term
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Definition
| The ability to understand how memory works in order to use it well. |
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Term
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Definition
| The potential to master a specific skill or to learn a certain body of knowledge |
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Term
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Definition
| A test designed to measure intellectual aptitude, or ability to learn in school. |
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Term
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Definition
| A measure of mastery of proficiency in reading, mathematics, writing, science, or some other subject. |
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Term
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Definition
| A test designed for school-age children. |
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Term
| Sternberg's 3 types of Intelligence |
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Definition
| Academic, Creative, Practical |
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Term
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Definition
| children attempt to master many skills, developing a sense of themselves. |
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Term
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Definition
| The tendency to assess one's abilities, achievements, social status, by measuring against others or ones peers. |
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Term
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Definition
| The way a family works and cares for its members |
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Term
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Definition
| The legal and genetic relationships among relatives living in the same home' includes nuclear family, extended family, stepfamily, and so on. |
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Term
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Definition
| The particular habits, styles, and values that reflect the set of rules and rituals that characterize children as distinct from adult society. |
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Term
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Definition
| Is the ability to understand social interactions, including the causes and consequences of human behavior. |
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Term
| Kohlburg's levels of morality |
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Definition
Pre-conventional moral reasoning-preoperational thought
Conventional moral reasoning- parallels concrete operational thought in that it relates to current, observable practices
Postconventional moral reasoning- uses logic and abstractions, |
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