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How many hectares of land does it take to sustain the average human? |
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How many hectares does it take to sustain the average american? |
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the international treaty requiring the reduction of global warming gases created through the burning of fossil fuel |
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Examples of Pharmaceuticals from Wild Sources |
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1) Rosy Periwinkle-found in Madagascar; produces 2 alkaloids that cure some cancers 2)Azadirachta India ( Neem Tree)- found in India;seeds, bark and leaves contain compounds with proven antiseptic, antiviral, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer and antifungal uses. 3) Hirudin- from vampire leeches; anticoagulant 4) Saliva from Vampire bats - open clogged arteries and prevent heart attacks |
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The benefits human populations derive , either directly or indirectly, from ecosystem functions |
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What is the value of the Ecosystem Services? |
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- the mean estimate of the global value of all ecosystem services, across all ecosytems -33 trillion -1.8 x the World GDP |
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the transfer of pollen from the anther(male) to the stigma (female) |
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Animal pollination is required for ___ % of US food production. |
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How many species of bees are in NY state? |
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The Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) is decreasing due to.... |
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- Varroa Mites - Colony Collapse Disorder |
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-Provisioning Service, Supporting Service, Cultural Service, Preserving Services |
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NY Water Supply System: There are____ reservoirs in Westchester, Putnam, and the Catskills |
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What is the cost of protecting land around the reservoirs? |
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What is the cost of building a water filtration system? |
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$8 billion/ (300 + million/yr) |
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Appeal of industrial food is that it is... |
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1) cheap 2) available year round 3) already prepared 4) heavily subsidized and doesn't reflect its true cost
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1) USDA Organic 2) Energy Star 3) LEED 4) Green Seal |
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Throughout the 21st Century business practices have contributed to : |
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-toxic contamination -depletion of fisheries and forests -soil erosion -biodiversity loss |
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Green Marketing Success Stories |
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- Shade-grown coffee at Trader Joe's and Whole Foods - Organic baby food demands 12% of the market |
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Vavilov's 8 Centers of Crop Origin |
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where food crops originated and that maintain a high diversity of wild relatives of the domestic form |
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What are Wilson's 4 Resolutions |
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1. survey the earths fauna and flora 2. create biological wealth 3. promote sustainable harvesting and development 4. Save what remains of the natural landscape |
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- wrote Man and Nature -advised Teddy Roosevelt -pragmatic utilitarian conservation -greatest food, for the greatest number, for the longest time -multiple use of policies of USFS |
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-president of the Sierra Club -nature deserves to exist for its own sake -Biocentric preservation |
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an area of land and/or sea especially dedicated to the protection and maintenance of biological diversity, and of natural and associated cultural resources, and managed through legal or other effective means.” |
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USA- 8% conservation land |
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lacking sufficient moisture, especially having insufficient rainfall to support trees or woody plants |
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- the care, tending and use of animals such as goats, sheep, camels, yaks,llamas, etc. -pastoral cultures are often mobile - mobility allows them to simultaneously exploit more than 1 environnment |
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Examples of Conservation Technology |
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Definition
GPS and GIS
Satellite imagery- google earth etc.
Mark-recapture using radio telemetry
Crittercam
Camera traps |
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Term
Which century was the most violent in the history of humanity? |
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Death Tolls: -WWI = -WWII = - Hiroshima = -Nagasaki = |
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- 9 million -50 million -140,000 - 80,000 |
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251,834 hibakusha “bomb-affected people” |
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Genocide occurs in ----- stages, that are predictable, but not inexorable . |
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How many have died in Darfur? |
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Curing Which years did Mayan Civilization reach its peak? Exceed carrying capacity of the environment? |
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What are proximate causes? Ultimate causes? |
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- immediate causes, underlying causes |
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- Jared Diamond addresses the question : Why is the wealth and money distributed the way it is?
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- a chapter in the book, A Sand County Almanac, by aldo leopold |
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What is the thesis of "Land Ethic"? |
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Humans are a part of a community that encompasses all organisms and the land. The land affects humans and humans affect the land.
Environmental challenges cannot be met by technological innovation and legal reform alone
True change must come from a shift in individuals’ beliefs and, subsequently, their actions |
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Of 22,000 plant species in Wisconsin, how many can be sold, eaten, or otherwise put to economic use? |
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The evolution of ethics is ... |
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a process of ecological evolution |
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Ecologically, ethics are: |
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-a limitation on freedom of action -deal with the relationships between individuals and society - examples: mosaic decalogue, golden rule |
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