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What is the 2nd most famous structure in Rome? |
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What is the meaning of Pantheon? |
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What is the purpose of the Pantheon possibly related to? |
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laws passed in the Pantheon |
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When was the original Pantheon destroyed? |
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When was the second Pantheon destroyed and how? |
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110AD; struck by lightening |
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Who built the second Pantheon? |
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The building of Hadrian's Pantheon was begun under what ruler? |
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Who does not usually put their name of their architectural works? |
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Who restored the Pantheon after it was rebuilt for the third time? |
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the entryway to the Pantheon connected to the dome with a Transition Block |
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triangular area on the face of the Pantheon |
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What were the original doors made of? |
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What is the world's largest free-standing dome? |
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What structure of the Pantheon thinned toward the top of the dome and was thicker towards the bottom to add extra stability? |
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What was the dome of the Pantheon originally made of? |
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What is the measurement of the dome of the Pantheon? |
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What two changes are made to the Pantheon in the Medieval Times? |
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Changed to Church of Santa Maria and the Martyrs; apse was added by Clement XI |
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What was the main usage of the Pantheon during the Renaissance? |
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Mausoleum; home for Raphael and Victor Emanuel II |
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What is the biggest Piazza in Rome? |
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Who was the main architect of the Piazza Navona structures? |
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Describe the Stadium of Domitian |
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Began in 80s AD; Rome's first permanent stadium for athletic games; AKA Agones (later Navona) |
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What structure has gates similar to those of Domitian's Stadium? |
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Describe the Martyrdom of St. Agnes |
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A 12 year old girl who was pursued by the Magistrate's son but would not marry him because he was not a Christian. Therefore the Magistrate wanted to kill her but could not because she was a virgin. Many tales surround the story of how he attempted to kill her and was thwarted but she was eventually beheaded |
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How did Domitian's Stadium become Piazza Navona? |
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Fell into dissaray until the Capitoline Market moved there in the 15th C AD and Pope Innocent X moved there |
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What are the 3 fountains in Piazza Navona? |
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Fontana del Moro, Neptune and dei Quattro Fiumi |
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What was the original structure of the Brazilian embassy? |
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What church was built in Piazza Navona? |
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What are the two names for a Roman bath? |
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popular hangout; political arguements; complex of apses and domes devoted to luxery |
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ID: changing room; main entrance to the bath house |
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What was the name for the hot bath? |
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What is the name for the wet steam bath? |
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What is the name for the dry sauna? |
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ID: under chamber heated room |
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What was the most common type of flooring in the bath house? |
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What was the first indoor heating system? |
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ID: warm water; largest most ornate room in the center of the complex |
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ID: Cool water; go here first |
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Where is the oldest Roman bath house the is still fully functional? |
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Describe the Baths of Caracalla |
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best preserved in Rome; opera play here now; series of arcades; greek and latin libraries; has famous Hercules statue; upper areas were for schooling |
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What is the name for the large pool in Diocletian's bath house? |
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What was Rome's largest bath house and why did it survive so long? |
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Diocletian's bath house; converted to a church |
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What were the largest and second largest volcanic eruptions of the ancient world? |
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Describe the Avelino eruption |
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Bronze age; city of Nola; made avelino pummice that was used as blocks; mass exodus beforehand |
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When did the Pompeii eruption occur? |
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How did the majority of the people in Pompeii die? |
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What was the city near Pompeii that was effected by the eruption but not as badly? |
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how do we know the exact date of the Pompeii eruption? |
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Definition
Pliny the Younger records the death of his uncle Pliny the Elder and retells everything |
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How were the bodies of Pompeii preserved? |
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What was the oldest structure in the Pompeii Forum? |
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Who was the most important god before the introduction of Jupiter? |
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What is the meaning of Eumachia |
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Describe the Building of Eumachia |
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Fuller's Guild (leather tanners); dedicated to members of Claudian Clan |
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What structure in the Pompeii Forum functioned as the fish market? |
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Describe the homes of the rich in Pompeii |
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Atrium style; had impluvium for catching water; Peristyle |
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What was the most famous house in Pompeii? |
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What was the largest house in Pompeii? |
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Where is the original home of the Alexander mosaic? |
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What is depicted in the Alexander Mosaic? |
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What is the term for the ancient apartments? |
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Where is the oldest amphitheater in the world? |
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she wolf; brothel with a shop on the first floor and prostitutes upstairs |
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Which of the 7 hills of Rome was the religious center? |
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What were the three divisions of the Capitoline? |
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Arx (citadel), capitoleum, and Asylum (inter duos lucos) |
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What is the Capitoline Triad? |
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Jupiter, Junom and Minerva |
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5 levels of apts built by Trajan |
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Where is the Altar of Heaven located? |
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Describe the Santa Maria in Aracceli |
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has ancient corinthian columns; supposedly where Augustus was told by a Cybel that Jesus was coming |
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People who read signs to make predictions |
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ID: where geese are sacred; site of ancient Mint |
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Juno Moneto; where ppl were warned that the Gauls were coming; money is derived from "Moneto" |
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Define: Jupiter Optimus Maximus |
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Jupiter the Best and the Greatest |
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Who began the Jupiter Optimus Maximus? |
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the first Tarquin; finished by Tarquin the Proud |
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Describe the Jupiter Optimus Maximus |
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Destroyed in 69AD and 80AD; was the most important temple in Rome because it is where the triumphal march ended |
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Describe the Tarpeion Rock |
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Execution site; ppl were thrown off a cliff for all to see as a warning |
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ID: made of tuffa and marble; archive building for the state; home of the "anti Jove" |
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Tabalarium/Temple of Veiovis |
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Describe the Lions from the Temple of Isis |
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made of Egyptian granite; located in Campus Maritus in front of Campidglio Stairs; later made into fountains |
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Who designed the Campidiglio Steps? |
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Who designed the Campidiglio Steps? |
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The Capidiglio stairs include colossus of which two people? |
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Castor and Pollux (Gaius and Lucius) |
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Describe the Trophies of Marius |
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Definition
Middle age term that is falsely attributed |
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Who is in the middle of the Capitoline Piazza on the horse? |
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Describe the equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius |
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bronze with gold plating; symbol of Clemency; survived because it was thought to be Constantine |
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Describe the Capitoline Venus |
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Putica (modest version); roman; earliest and best preserved |
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Describe the Basilica of Maxentius |
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Basilica Nova; Began by Constantine; Apse has colossal statue of Constantine |
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Why was the Imperial Fora created? |
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because the Roman Forum was too crowded |
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Describe the Imperial Fora |
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created by Caesar; began as an anex to the original forum; mostly destroyed in 30s by Muselini; located on Capitoline and Quirinal hills |
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aka Forum Iulium; completed 46bc; next to Curia; corinthian order; quarried for cement |
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Who can the Julians be traced back to? |
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Describe the Forum of Augustus |
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took 20yrs to build; next to Caesar's; had apses for meetings; Had Temple of Mars Ultar (senate met); colossal statue of Augustus |
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What structure is also known as the Temple of Peace? |
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Describe the Forma Urbis Roma |
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Huge tuffa wall with map of Rome and plans of buildings; now part of a church wall |
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What is another name for the Forum of Nerva? |
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What was the largest of the newer forums? |
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How is the set up of Trajan's Forum different from the others? |
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Definition
It goes from L to R not N to S |
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What is one of the only structures Hadrian actually put his name on? |
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Describe the Basilica Ulpia |
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Meeting place; roof with double colonnade; 2 altars |
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Victory column from Dacion Wars that is hallowed out with a spiral staircase; has his ashes in it; marked height of hill; has statue of Peter on it |
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