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Life Chapter 2
Lfe Chapter 2
31
Biology
7th Grade
10/18/2011

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Term
diffusion
Definition
the passive transport of solute molecules from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration
Term
osmosis
Definition
the passive transport of water molecules
Term
passive transport
Definition
movement through a membrane without the use of energy
Term
selectively permeable
Definition
cell membranes only let certain substances in and out of the cell
Term
active transport
Definition
movement through a membrane with the use of energy
Term
endocytosis
Definition
active transport of large molecules into a cell using a vesicle
Term
exocytosis
Definition
active transport of large molecules out of a cell using a vesicle
Term
respiration
Definition
the process by which cells use oxygen to get energy from food
Term
mitochondria
Definition
location of respiration in cells
Term
photosynthesis
Definition
process by which autotrophs make glucose from energy from the sun
Term
autotrophs
Definition
organisms who can do photosynthesis
Term
heterotrophs
Definition
organisms which can not do photosynthesis
Term
aerobic
Definition
with oxygen
Term
anaerobic
Definition
without oxygen
Term
fermentation
Definition
process of getting energy from food without oxygen
Term
cell cycle
Definition
the life cycle of a cell
Term
3 parts of cell cycle
Definition
1. interphase
2. mitosis
3. cytokinesis
Term
interphase
Definition
the phase of the life cycle of a cell when it is not dividing
Term
mitosis
Definition
the phase in the life cycle of a cell when the nucleus divides
Term
cytokinesis
Definition
the phase in the life cycle of a cell when the cytoplasm divides
Term
prophase
Definition
the phase of mitosis when the chromatin turns into chromosomes and tne nuclear membrane disappears
Term
metaphse
Definition
the phase of mitosis when the chromosomes line up at the equator
Term
anaphase
Definition
the phase in mitosis when the chromsomes separate and move to opposite poles
Term
telophase
Definition
the phase in mitosis when the chromosomes turn back into chromatin and the organelles reappear
Term
cell plate
Definition
the cell wall that forms between two plant cells during cytokinesis
Term
homologous chromosomes
Definition
chromosomes that are of the same pair
Term
chromosomes
Definition
DNA in X form
Term
chromatin
Definition
DNA in thread form
Term
chromatids
Definition
1/2 of a chromosome
Term
centrioles
Definition
the organelle that produce the spindle in mitosis
Term
binary fission
Definition
cell division in prokaryotes
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