Invented by Seebohm Rowntree.

It showed a primary line that symbolised the amount of money needed to be out of poverty.

Rowntree showed that at various times in a lifetime, the average person moved in and out of poverty.

The poorest times were identified as childhood and old age.

He invented the idea of a poverty line (or bread line as we know it today).

He showed how, at different times in your life, the average person moves in and out of poverty.

The Boer war was fought between Britain and Boer (white Dutch farmer) rebels in South Africa.

The war highlighted just how sickly and unfit the majority of young men were in Britain at the time.

Thousands of men were rejected from the army because they were too unfit.

Socialism was a new political ideology, influenced by the writings of Karl Marx.

It said that every human was born equal and therefore the state should do its upmost to ensure that every human gets an equal chance in life.

The Labour Party were an early Socialist movement.

Chancellor of the Exchequer, therefore in control of the country's budget, during the Liberal Reforms.

Later became Prime Minister in 1916.

Welsh.

Everyone over the age of 70 was eligible for a state pension.

A single person got 5s a week, a married couple 7s 6d.

This was an insurance scheme for sick workers.

They paid into a collective pot of money each month and when they were ill they would be paid insurance money from this pot.

Workers paid 4d (pence) for an insurance stamp.

If they fell ill they received 10s a week for 13 weeks, the 5s for a further 13 weeks.

This gave local councils the power to provide free school meals for the poorest children.

By 1914 14million free meals were being cooked every year for around 160,000 children.

In this budget Lloyd-George 'went to war' on the upper-classes.

This budget aimed to tax the richest people in Britain in order to help the poorest out of poverty.

It was opposed by Conservative Peers (Lords). they claimed it would make ordinary people 'lazy' as they wouldn't have to work so hard for money.

1. Children became 'Protected Persons';

2. Poor law authorities were responsible for supervising children that had suffered cruelty or neglect;

3. All children's homes were inspected.

4. Children under 14 could no longer go to adult prisons.

5. Children who committed a crime were sent to Borstals.

6. Under-14s were not allowed into pubs.

7. Under-16s could not buy cigarettes.

Doctors and nurses went into schools to give pupils compulsory medical checks. Parents still had to pay for treatment if they wanted it.

(In 1912 treatment was made free.)

A political party that won the 1906 general election.

They were led by Henry Campbell-Bannerman (PM 1906 - 1908);

Then Herbert Asquith (PM 1908-1916);

David Lloyd George was first Chancellor of the Exchequer then PM 1916-1922;

Winston Churchill was originally a Liberal politician and President of the Board of Trade.

A charity that campaigned for poor people.

Their leader William Booth recognised that the majority of poor people were born into poverty through no fault of their own.

1. Only around half a million elderly people were eligible for a state pension.

2. National insurance covered 10million men and 4million women (the pop. of the UK was 45m).

3. The government did not reform the Poor Law. A law that forced poor people into workhouses.

4. By 1914 14million free school meals were given out per year for around 160,000 children.

5. By 1914 most councils were providing free health care for children.