Term
|
Definition
Visual (sight)
Olfactory (smell)
Gustatory (taste)
Auditory (hearing)
Tactile (touch)
Kinesthetic (awareness of body position w/out seeing it)
Stereognosis (allows a person to recognize an object’s size, shape and texture) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stimulation of a nerve cell – when we receive the signal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| interpretation of stimuli into something that is understandable – how we receive and translate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in the reaction phase, we’re all a little different – some of us can tune out a lot of stimuli and others have more difficulty tuning it out. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a motor type of aphasia, the inability to name common objects or to express simple ideas in words or writing. Ex: a client who understands a question but is unable to express an answer. Cannot express themselves verbally or in writing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the inability to understand written or spoken language. Client may be able to express words but is unable to understand questions or comments of others |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the inability to understand language or communicate orally. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| gradual decline in the ability of the lens to focus on close/ near objects |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cloudy or opaque areas in front of the lens or entire lens. Develops gradually without pain, redness, or tearing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| result when tear glands produce too few tears resulting in itching, burning, or even reduced vision |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| slowly progressive increase in intraocular pressure – puts pressure on optic nerve. Peripheral vision loss, halo effect around lights, and trouble adapting to darkness if left untreated. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a common progressive hearing disorder in older adults. (natural with aging) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| buildup of earwax in the external auditory canal. Cerumen becomes hard and collects in the canal and causes a conduction deafness. (usually w/ aging |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| decrease in salivary production that leads to thicker mucus and a dry mouth. Often interferes with the ability to eat and leads to appetite and nutritional problems. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (especially in diabetics, very painful, no cure) disorder of the peripheral nervous system, characterized by symptoms that include numbness and tingling of the affected area and stumbling gait (usually feet is first place it affects). |
|
|
Term
| Cognitive effects of sensory deprivation |
|
Definition
Inability to think or problem solve
Disorientation
Increased need for socialization, altered mechanisms of attention
Lose memory ability
Attention span |
|
|
Term
| Affective effects of sensory deprivation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Perceptual effects of sensory deprivation |
|
Definition
Changes in visual/motor coordination
Reduced color perception
Less tactile accuracy
Changes in ability to perceive size and shape
Changes in spatial and time judgment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Extension and phone cords in the main route of walking traffic
Loose area rugs and runners placed over carpeting
Cluttered floors, furniture, including footstools
Kitchen equipment (ranges, irons, toasters) with hard-to-read settings (in gray or black)
Need to keep paths from the bed and chair to the bathroom clear |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ask client to read newspaper, magazine, or lettering on a menu.
Ask client to identify colors on color chart or crayons.
Observe clients performing ADLs.
Behavior indicating deficit: children
Eye rubbing, body rocking, hitching (using legs to propel while in sitting position) instead of crawling
Behavior indicating deficit: adults
Poor coordination, squinting, under-reaching or overreaching for objects, persistent repositioning of objects
Impaired night vision, accidental falls |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Assess client’s hearing acuity and history of tinnitus.
Observe client conversing with others.
Inspect ear canal for hardened Cerumen.
Observe client behaviors in a group.
Behavior indicating deficit: children
Frightened when unfamiliar people approach, failure to be awakened by loud noise, greater response to movement than sound, avoidance of social interaction with other children.
Behavior indicating deficit: adults
Blank looks, decreased attn. span, lack of rxn to loud noises, increased volume of speech, positioning of head
Toward sound, smiling and nodding in approval when someone speaks, c/o ringing in ears |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| usually associated with strokes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a motor type of aphasia, the inability to name common objects or to express simple ideas in words or writing. Ex: a client who understands a question but is unable to express an answer. Cannot express themselves verbally or in writing. |
|
|
Term
| Sensory or receptive aphasia |
|
Definition
| the inability to understand written or spoken language. Client may be able to express words but is unable to understand questions or comments of others |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inability to understand language or communicate orally. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| PROMOTION OF INDEPENDENCE!! |
|
|
Term
| Communication methods for clients w/ Aphasia |
|
Definition
Listen to the client, and wait for the client to communicate
Do not shout or speak loudly (hearing loss is not the problem).
If the client has problems with comprehension, use simple, short questions and facial gestures to give additional clues.
Speak of things familiar and of interest to the client.
If the client has problems speaking, ask questions that require simple yes or no answers or blinking of the eyes. Offer pictures or a communication board so that the client can point.
Give the client time to understand; be calm and patient; do not pressure or tire the client.
Avoid patronizing and childish phrases. |
|
|
Term
| Communication methods for clients w/hearing impairment |
|
Definition
Get the client’s attention. Do not startle the client when entering the room. Do not approach a client from behind. Be sure the client knows you wish to speak.
Face the client, and stand or sit on the same level. Be sure your face and lips are illuminated to promote lip-reading. Keep hands away from mouth.
Be sure clients keep eyeglasses clean so that they are able to see your gestures and face.
If the client wears a hearing aid, make sure it is in place and working.
Speak slowly, and articulate clearly. Older adults often take longer to process verbal messages.
Use a normal tone of voice and inflections of speech. Do not speak with something in your mouth.
When you are not understood, rephrase rather than repeat the conversation.
Use visible expressions. Speak with your hands, your face, and your eyes.
Do not shout. Loud sounds are usually higher pitched and often impede hearing by accentuating vowel sounds and concealing consonants. If you need to raise your voice, speak in lower tones.
Talk toward the client’s best or normal ear.
Use written information to enhance the spoken word.
Do not restrict a deaf client’s hands. Never have IV lines in both of the client’s hands if the preferred method of communication is sign language.
Avoid eating, chewing, or smoking while speaking.
Avoid speaking from another room or while walking away. |
|
|
Term
| Communication methods for clients w/artificial airway |
|
Definition
Use pictures, objects, or word cards so that the client can point.
Offer a pad and pencil or magic slate for the client to write messages.
Do not shout or speak loudly.
Give the client time to write messages, because these clients become easily fatigued.
Provide and artificial voice box (vibrator) for the client with a laryngectomy to use to speak. |
|
|
