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Lesson 01
Abbreviations for: Dose, Drug Form, Indication, Thermometry, Frequency, Route, Drug Names, Weights, Measurements
201
Other
Professional
10/08/2011
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Term
ss
 Definition
one-half
Term
gtt
 Definition
drop
Term
TKO or KVO
 Definition
to keep open OR keep vein open
Term
aa
 Definition
of each
Term
cc
 Definition
milliliter
Term
Cap or caps
 Definition
capsules
Term
crm
 Definition
cream
Term
elix
 Definition
elixir
Term
gtts
 Definition
drops
Term
MDI
 Definition
metered dose inhaler
Term
nebs
 Definition
solution fo rnebulization
Term
NPO
 Definition
nothing by mouth; not a drug form but means the patient is not to receive any medications administered by the oral route
Term
PO or po
 Definition
by mouth/orally/swallowed
Term
PR
 Definition
suppository (meaning when written after the drug name)
Term
SL
 Definition
sublingual form
Term
sol or soln
 Definition
solution
Term
supp
 Definition
suppository
Term
susp
 Definition
suspension
Term
svn
 Definition
small volume nebulizer
Term
syr
 Definition
syrup (CAUTION! Also used for abbrev for syringe)
Term
tab or tabs
 Definition
tablets
Term
ung
 Definition
ointment
Term
alt
 Definition
alternating
Term
BID
 Definition
twice daily
Term
BIW
 Definition
twice weekly
Term
CID
 Definition
5 times a day
Term
HS
 Definition
bedtime
Term
q
 Definition
every
Term
q12h
 Definition
every 12 hours
Term
q24h
 Definition
every 24 hours/once daily
Term
q4-6h
 Definition
every 4-6 hours
Term
q4h
 Definition
every 4 hours
Term
q6h
 Definition
every 6 hours
Term
q8h
 Definition
every 8 hours
Term
qAM
 Definition
every morning
Term
qd
 Definition
daily/once daily
Term
qHS
 Definition
bedtime
Term
QID
 Definition
4 times a day
Term
q5min
 Definition
every 5 mins
Term
qOd
 Definition
every other day
Term
qPM
 Definition
every evening
Term
q week
 Definition
once weekly
Term
TID
 Definition
three times daily
Term
TIW
 Definition
three times weekly
Term
alt
 Definition
alternating
Term
BID
 Definition
twice daily
Term
BIW
 Definition
twice weekly
Term
CID
 Definition
5 times a day
Term
HS
 Definition
bedtime
Term
q
 Definition
every
Term
q12h
 Definition
every 12 hours
Term
q24h
 Definition
every 24 hours/once daily
Term
q4-6h
 Definition
every 4-6 hours
Term
q4h
 Definition
every 4 hours
Term
q6h
 Definition
every 6 hours
Term
q8h
 Definition
every 8 hours
Term
qAM
 Definition
every morning
Term
qd
 Definition
daily/once daily
Term
qHS
 Definition
bedtime
Term
QID
 Definition
4 times a day
Term
q5min
 Definition
every 5 mins
Term
qOd
 Definition
every other day
Term
qPM
 Definition
every evening
Term
q week
 Definition
once weekly
Term
TID
 Definition
three times daily
Term
TIW
 Definition
three times weekly
Term
Δ
 Definition
change
Term
ac
 Definition
before meals
Term
ASAP
 Definition
as soon as possible
Term
ATC
 Definition
around the clock
Term
BS,FBG
 Definition
blood sugar, fasting blood glucose
Term
c
 Definition
with
Term
max
 Definition
maximum
Term
min
 Definition
minutes or minimum
Term
MR
 Definition
may repeat
Term
NR
 Definition
no refills
Term
NTE
 Definition
not to exceed
Term
OTC
 Definition
over-the-counter
Term
pc
 Definition
after meals
Term
prn
 Definition
as needed, if needed, when needed
Term
s
 Definition
without
Term
stat
 Definition
immediately
Term
ut dict or ud
 Definition
as directed
Term
WA
 Definition
while awake
Term
x or X
 Definition
times
Term
x1
 Definition
one time
Term
x2
 Definition
two times
Term
x3
 Definition
three times or up to three
Term
BP
 Definition
blood pressue
Term
CHF
 Definition
congestive heart failure
Term
COPD
 Definition
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Term
CP
 Definition
chest pain
Term
HTN/HBP
 Definition
hypertension
Term
HR
 Definition
heart rate
Term
MI
 Definition
myocardial infarction
Term
N/V
 Definition
nausea & vomiting
Term
temp
 Definition
temperature
Term
RR
 Definition
respiratory rate
Term
SOB
 Definition
shortness of breath
Term
sz
 Definition
seizures
Term
UTI
 Definition
urinary tract infection
Term
ad
 Definition
right ear
Term
as
 Definition
left ear
Term
au
 Definition
each ear
Term
IM
 Definition
intramuscularly
Term
IV
 Definition
intravenously
Term
IVP
 Definition
intravenous push
Term
IVPB
 Definition
intravenous piggyback
Term
od
 Definition
right eye
Term
os
 Definition
left eye
Term
ou
 Definition
each eye
Term
po
 Definition
by mouth/orally
Term
PR
 Definition
rectally
Term
PV
 Definition
vaginally
Term
SC or SQ
 Definition
subcutaneously
Term
SL
 Definition
sublingually (under tongue)
Term
S/S
 Definition
swish and spit
Term
top
 Definition
topically (on the skin)
Term
3TC
 Definition
lamivudine
Term
5-FU
 Definition
fluorouracil
Term
APAP
 Definition
acetaminophen
Term
ASA
 Definition
aspirin
Term
AZT
 Definition
zidovudine
Term
CE
 Definition
conjugated estrogens
Term
d4T
 Definition
stavudine
Term
D5-1/2NS
 Definition
5% destrose and half-normal saline (.45% NaCl in water)
Term
D5W
 Definition
5% dextrose in water
Term
ddC
 Definition
zalcitabine
Term
EES
 Definition
erythromycin ethylsuccinate
Term
EPO
 Definition
erythropoietin/epoetin
Term
HCTZ
 Definition
hydrochlorothiazide
Term
INH
 Definition
isoniazid
Term
LR
 Definition
lactated Ringer's solution
Term
MOM
 Definition
milk of magnesia
Term
MPA
 Definition
medroxyprogesterone acetate
Term
MS
 Definition
morphine sulfate
Term
MVI
 Definition
multivitamin
Term
NS
 Definition
normal saline (.9% NaCl in water)
Term
NTG
 Definition
nitroglycerin
Term
PB
 Definition
phenobarbital
Term
PCN
 Definition
penicillin
Term
PPD
 Definition
purified protein derivative (TB Skin Test)
Term
TMP/SMX
 Definition
trimethoprim + sulamethoxazole
Term
TPN
 Definition
total parenteral nutrition
Term
3TC
 Definition
lamivudine
Term
5-FU
 Definition
fluorouracil
Term
APAP
 Definition
acetaminophen
Term
ASA
 Definition
aspirin
Term
AZT
 Definition
zidovudine
Term
CE
 Definition
conjugated estrogens
Term
d4T
 Definition
stavudine
Term
D5-1/2NS
 Definition
5% destrose and half-normal saline (.45% NaCl in water)
Term
D5W
 Definition
5% dextrose in water
Term
ddC
 Definition
zalcitabine
Term
EES
 Definition
erythromycin ethylsuccinate
Term
EPO
 Definition
erythropoietin/epoetin
Term
HCTZ
 Definition
hydrochlorothiazide
Term
INH
 Definition
isoniazid
Term
LR
 Definition
lactated Ringer's solution
Term
MOM
 Definition
milk of magnesia
Term
MPA
 Definition
medroxyprogesterone acetate
Term
MS
 Definition
morphine sulfate
Term
MVI
 Definition
multivitamin
Term
NS
 Definition
normal saline (.9% NaCl in water)
Term
NTG
 Definition
nitroglycerin
Term
PB
 Definition
phenobarbital
Term
PCN
 Definition
penicillin
Term
PPD
 Definition
purified protein derivative (TB Skin Test)
Term
TMP/SMX
 Definition
trimethoprim + sulamethoxazole
Term
TPN
 Definition
total parenteral nutrition
Term
how many cm in inch?
 Definition
2.54 cm
Term
how many ml in pint?
 Definition
473 ml
Term
how many fluidounces in pint?
 Definition
16 oz
Term
how many ml in fluidounce?
 Definition
29.6 ml
Term
how many ml in fluidram/teaspoonful?
 Definition
5 ml
Term
how many ml in tablespoonful?
 Definition
15 ml
Term
how many mg in a grain?
 Definition
64.8 mg
Term
how many lbs in a kg?
 Definition
2.2 lb
Term
how many g in a oz?
 Definition
28.4 g
Term
how many pints in a gallon?
 Definition
8 pints
Term
how many cups in a pint?
 Definition
2 cups
Term
How do you calculate Celsius temp given in Fahrenheit?
 Definition
C = [(F-32)/9]*5
Term
How do you calculate Fahrenheit temp given in Celsius?
 Definition
F = (C*9/5) + 32
Term
What would the rectal temp reading be in degrees F if taken axillary?
 Definition
2 deg Fahrenheit less than the axillary reading
Term
defined regions in an atom where electrons are found.
 Definition
orbitals
Term
orbitals define the exact position of an electron (T/F)
 Definition
False - they define only the probability of finding it in a region
Term
high surface tension
 Definition
quality of water that gives it its cohesive characteristic.
Term
amphipathic
 Definition
containing both a polar and nonpolar region.
Term
define tertiary structure
 Definition
the actual three dimensional structure of the polypeptide chain.
Term
Name the 5 interactions involved to form a polypeptides 3D structure
 Definition
polar/nonpolar interxns, H-bonds, VdW Forces, Ionic Interxns, Disulfide Bonds
Term
describe polar/nonpolar interxns involved in protein folding.
 Definition
nonpolar/hydrophobic aa's point inward to shield themselves from water and polar/hydrophilic point outwards to interact w/ the water.
Term
define subunit of quaternary structure of protein
 Definition
a unit of polypeptide chain in a protein that contains >2 polypeptides.
Term
give an example of a prosthetic group involved in proteins
 Definition
the heme in myoglobin.
Term
function of almost all proteins based on their…
 Definition
specific binding of other molecules (ie - binding sites). Usually, proteins have a ligand that binds to a specific portion (like a "lock and key") of the protein that "activates" the function of the protein. This is especially true for enzymes. (eg - antigen + aby/T-Cell)
Term
Describe allosteric regulation
 Definition
regulatory molecule binds to site other than catalytic site. This causes the protein to undergo a conformational change which turns on OR off the catalytic site. (neg OR pos allosteric regulation)
Term
What is protein kinase and its roll in protein regulation
 Definition
PK transfers a P group from ATP to the protein and thereby activating it.
Term
What is protein phosphatase and its roll in protein regulation
 Definition
removes a P group thereby returning a protein to its natural state.
Term
T/F - if GDP is bound to a GTP binding protein, it will activate it.
 Definition
False, these proteins are active only if GTP is bound. If GDP is bound, reactivation is not completed by adding a P group. It is done by completely replacing the GDP wth GTP.
Term
What type of protein does a fibroblast release?
 Definition
COLLAGEN and other proteins that provide structural support.
Term
Describe the fate of a protein from mRNA to exocytosis.
 Definition
mRNA is read at the ribosome and synthesized. Once the first AA (called the "signal sequence") is made, synthesis is halted until the ribosome docks at the rough ER. Synthesis continues with correct folding facilitated by structures within the RER. After the pp is done synthesizing, the signal sequence is cleaved off, and the remaining pp it's shuttled to the golgi apparatus in vesicles where it is modified (eg - addition of CHO ["glycosylation"]), sorted, and most importantly... packaged for cell secretion. From the Golgi app, the protein is shuttled to the plasma membrane is "secretion vesicles" and exocytosed.
Term
After extracellular contents are endocytosed, they fuse with a larger, membranous structure called…
 Definition
an endosome
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