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Legislative Branch Key Terms
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53
Immunology
11th Grade
10/08/2012

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Term
apportion
Definition
Divide and allocate: "voting power will be apportioned according to contribution".
Term
bicameral
Definition
Having two branches or chambers.
Term
commerce power
Definition
Congress has the power to regulate commerce among states which has come to mean interstate commerce.
Term
committee
Definition
A group of people appointed for a specific function, typically consisting of members of a larger group
- the housing committee
- a committee meeting
Term
constituent
Definition
Being a voting member of a community or organization and having the power to appoint or elect
- the constituent body has a right of veto
Term
continuous body
Definition
A veto of a bill brought about by the presidents failure to sign it within 10 days of the adjorment of congress.
Term
delegate
Definition
A person sent or authorized to represent others, in particular an elected representative sent to a conference
Term
doctrine
Definition
A stated principle of government policy, mainly in foreign or military affairs
Term
executive power
Definition
part of government that has sole authority and responsibility for the daily administration of the state bureaucracy
Term
expressed powers
Definition
presidential powers enumerated in the Constitution
Term
franking privilege
Definition
allow members to send official mail using his/her signature instead of a stamp.
Term
gerrymander
Definition
Manipulate the boundaries of (an electoral constituency) so as to favor one party or class
Term
impeach
Definition
Call into question the integrity or validity of (a practice)
Term
implied powers
Definition
powers authorized by a legal document (from the Constitution) which, while not stated, are seemed to be implied by powers expressly stated.
Term
investigatory power
Definition
The powers given to governmental agencies and other entities to investigate violations of laws and to gather information.
Term
lower house
Definition
The larger and typically more representative of two sections of a bicameral legislature or parliament.
Term
nonlegislative power
Definition
authority/power that does not originate with the legislative branch of government.
Term
off-year election
Definition
Off-year elections are held during odd-numbered years and involve only a handful of notable races such as gubernatorial elections in New Jersey and Virginia.
Term
reapportion
Definition
Assign or distribute (something) again or in a different way
Term
representative democracy
Definition
a form of government founded on the principle of elected individuals representing the people, as opposed to autocracy and direct democracy.
Term
republic
Definition
1.A state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, and which has an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch
Term
session
Definition
A period during which such meetings are regularly held
- legislation to curb wildcat strikes will be introduced during the coming parliamentary session
Term
single-member district
Definition
an electoral district or constituency having a single representative in a legislative body rather than two or more compare
Term
special session
Definition
Brief session held for a specific purpose at a time of the year when the House does not usually sit.
Term
term
Definition
Conditions under which an action may be undertaken or agreement reached; stipulated or agreed-upon requirements
- the union and the company agreed upon the contract's terms
- he could only be dealt with on his own terms
Term
upper house
Definition
The smaller house in a bicameral legislature or parliament
Term
bill
Definition
a statute in draft before it becomes law; "they held a public hearing on the bill
Term
censure
Definition
The expression of formal disapproval
- angry delegates offered a resolution of censure against the offenders
- they paid the price in social ostracism and family censure
Term
Cloture Rule
Definition
a motion or process aimed at bringing debate to a quick end. It is also called closure or, informally, a guillotine.
Term
conference committee
Definition
a joint committee whose function is to arrive at a single version of a bill which has passed the two legislative houses in somewhat different form.
Term
delegate
Definition
A person sent or authorized to represent others, in particular an elected representative sent to a conference
Term
expressed powers
Definition
Congress may exercise the powers that the Constitution grants it, subject to explicit restrictions in the Bill of Rights and other protections in the Constitution.
Term
filibuster
Definition
An action such as a prolonged speech that obstructs progress in a legislative assembly while not technically contravening the required procedures
Term
implied powers
Definition
powers authorized by a legal document (from the Constitution) which, while not stated, are seemed to be implied by powers expressly stated.
Term
joint committee
Definition
a committee made up of members of both chambers of a bicameral parliament. In other contexts, it refers to a committee with members from more than one organization.
Term
majority leader
Definition
The head of the majority party in a legislative body, esp. the US Senate or House of Representatives
Term
oversight function
page
Definition
a supervisory activity of Congress that centers on its constitutional responsibility to see that the executive carries out the laws faithfully and spends appropriations properly.
Term
partisan
Definition
A strong supporter of a party, cause, or person
Term
party caucus
Definition
A caucus is a meeting of supporters or members of a political party or movement. The exact definition varies among political cultures.
Term
pigeonhole
Definition
A small compartment, open at the front and forming part of a set, where letters or messages may be left for someone
Term
pocket veto
Definition
An indirect veto of a legislative bill by the president or a governor by retaining the bill unsigned until it is too late for it to be dealt with during the legislative session
Term
politico
Definition
a person active in party politics
Term
President of Senate
Definition
The presiding officier of the U.S. house of representatives.
Term
President Pro Tempore
Definition
A high-ranking senator of the majority party who presides over the US Senate in the absence of the vice president
Term
resolution
Definition
The action of solving a problem, dispute, or contentious matter
- the peaceful resolution of all disputes
- a successful resolution to the problem
Term
rules committee
Definition
A legislative committee responsible for expediting the passage of bills
Term
select committee
Definition
A small legislative committee appointed for a special purpose
- the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence
Term
seniority rule
Definition
an unwritten custom where people who have served longer in congress are given the more important positions. Significant because the seniors in congress have the most experience and knowledge and deserve the more important posts.
Term
Speaker of the House
Definition
the presiding officer of the United States House of Representatives. The Speaker is currently second in line after the Vice President to succeed to the U.S. presidency in the case of death or resignation of the President.
Term
standing committee
Definition
A permanent committee that meets regularly
Term
subcommittee
Definition
A committee composed of some members of a larger committee, board, or other body and reporting to it
Term
trustee
Definition
An individual person or member of a board given control or powers of administration of property in trust with a legal obligation to administer it solely for the purposes specified
Term
whip
Definition
An official of a political party appointed to maintain discipline among its members in Congress or Parliament, esp. so as to ensure attendance and voting in debates
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