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Definition
present only on malignant cells as they reflect a tumor-causing mutation which is the result of altered peptide splicing |
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Tumor-associated antigens |
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Definition
present on either malignant or normal cells they are normally produced in the immunologically privileged sites. They are produced in small amounts, and the cells that express them do NOT express HLA |
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Definition
1/2 are coded for on the X chromosome |
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Definition
encode proteins involved in cell division): Growth factors & their receptors, Signaling pathways and Genes transcription |
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Definition
mutated forms of proto-oncogenes |
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Definition
encode proteins that prevent the proliferation of mutant cells |
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Term
Mechanisms allowing the cancer cells to escape the immune reactions |
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Definition
1)No inflammation and no immune response due to no tissue damage 2)Tumor cells express self MHC class I 3)Evasion of the NKG2D-medited responses by NK cells. Tumor cells produce protease that cleaves MIC (the ligand for NKG2D receptor on NK & Tc cells) and causes unhindered tumor growth & destruction of lymphocytes endocytosing soluble MIC 4)Secretion of chemokines (TGF-Beta) mediating accumulation of T regulatory cells |
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Definition
transplant rejection within the same species |
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Definition
transplant rejection from different species |
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Term
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Definition
graft-versus-host-disease: T cells from the transplant are activated in the lymph nodes by the recipient’s DCs. The primary targets for GVHD are skin, intestinal epithelium & liver (highly proliferative tissues). |
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Term
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Definition
1) Abs against ABO antigens 2) Pre-existing Abs against HLA Class I |
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Definition
drect allorecognition: Activated recipients effector T cells attack cells expressing donor’s MHC/Ag complexes in the graft |
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Term
Chronic allograft rejection |
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Definition
Could occur months or years after transplantation. Immune reactions produce thickening of the vessels walls, ischemia & graft failure |
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Term
different deviations in the mechanisms of the immune responses that could lead to infertility and miscarriages |
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Definition
Category 1: HLA compatibility (the couple’s tissues are too similar genetically) Category 2: Problems with blood clotting (autoantibody response) Category 3: An autoimmune response occurs to components in the embryo Category 4: Immune response to sperm antigen Category 5: Certain types of immune cells increase in number and activity, (NK cells) |
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Term
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Definition
is a corticosteroid and anti-inflammatory that is normally taken prior to conception and is used to treat women who have antinuclear antibodies |
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Term
Immunoglobulin G infusion |
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Definition
is used to treat women who have elevated levels of NK (natural killer) cells |
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Definition
is a medication that binds directly to tumor necrosis factor and inhibits its attachment to the placental membrane |
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Term
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Definition
is an anti-coagulant used to prevent miscarriage due to anti-phospholipid antibodies (promoting blood clotting) |
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Term
Lymphocyte immunization therapy |
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Definition
is a medical procedure to reduce NK (natural killer) cells numbers – conflicting results |
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Term
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Definition
pathogenicity, should be removed in vaccines |
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Term
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Definition
causes immune response, should be preserved and used in the vaccine |
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Term
Antigen specific epitopes |
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Definition
induces the immune response in vaccines |
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Term
Antigen specific adjuvants |
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Definition
induces the inflammation response in vaccines |
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