Observations

Hypothesis

Experiment

Data

Protons (+)

Netrons(=)

Electrons (-)

Metals

Metals (like gold) are shiny,

malleable and good

conductors of heat &

electricity

Non-metals

Non-metals (like sulfur) are

dull, brittle crystalline solids

(or gases or liquids) and are

good insulators

Element

Atomic number

(number of protons)

Atomic mass: number of protons plus

number of neutrons (Daltons)

Electronegativity

The force a nucleus exerts on the electrons in it’s shells.

Bonds between atoms with similar electronegativities will form non-polar bonds.

Bonds between atoms with different electronegativities will form polar bonds.