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Lecture 9 - Acute Phase Proteins
APPs
24
Immunology
Undergraduate 4
03/07/2015

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Term
How is the CNS activated?
Definition
pro-inflam cytokines bind to neurons of the SNS & PNS, diffuse into brain or are produced within the brain
Term
Activation of which part of the brain triggers the sickness response?
Definition
hypothalamus
Term
What triggers the fever response?
Definition
IL-1, IL-6 & TNF-alpha induce prostaglandin synthesis
Term
What effects does fever have on immune cells? (3)
Definition
-enhances DC maturation
-increases number of circulating lymphocytes
-inhibits T cell apoptosis
Term
How do poikilotherms generate a fever response?
Definition
swimming in warmer waters
Term
Which interleukin promotes the release of serotonin?
Definition
IL-1
Term
How does IL-1 lead to anorexia?
Definition
-suppresses neuropeptide-Y (a hunger signal)
-induces production of HMGB1 (causes food aversion)
Term
Which 3 components of the immune system induce HMGB1 production?
Definition
IL-1
IL-6
TNF-alpha
Term
How are bone marrow equivalent tissues activated?
Definition
G-CSF production is increased, which stimulates neutrophil differentiation
Term
Which interleukin is especially important in heptic synthesis of APP?
Definition
IL-6
Term
Which APPs are produced in the liver?
Definition
PRO CIBC
Proteolytic enzyme neutralizers
Radical scavengers
Opsonins

Complement proteins
Iron binding proteins
Binding proteins
Clotting factors
Term
Major APPs can increase in concentration by up to...
Definition
100X
Term
Moderate APPs can increase in concentration by up to...
Definition
10x
Term
Are major, moderate & minor APPs positive or negative?
Definition
positive
Term
Is C-reactive protein positive or negative?
Definition
positive
Term
Which receptors bind C-reactive protein?
Definition
FcYRII & C1qR
Term
Is C-reactive protein pro or anti inflammatory?
Definition
anti (inhibits neutrophil degranulation)
Term
Is Serum amyloid A positive or negative?
Definition
positive
Term
Serum amyloid A is an alarmin via ____
Definition
TLR2
Term
Is Serum amyloid A pro or anti inflammatory?
Definition
pro (attracts neuts & mono)
Term
Transferrin is negative in _____ and positive in ____
Definition
mammals
chickens & zebrafish
Term
Haptoglobin is ______ in mammals and _____ in chickens
Definition
positive
negative
Term
MAP protein is major in which species?
Definition
pigs
Term
MAP protein is minor in which species?
Definition
cows
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