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Lecture 7
Bones/muscles
80
Biology
Not Applicable
12/02/2003

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Term
sarcomeres
Definition
the most basic unit of contraction
Term
tendon
Definition
A cord or strap of dense tissue that connects a muscle to bone is called a ____.
Term
skeletal muscle
Definition
functional partners of bone
Term
Z lines
Definition
What are dark bands that define the two ends of each sacromeres called.
Term
sliding filament model
Definition
This is the explanation of how muscles contract
Term
myosin
Definition
The "thick" muscle filament is composed of:
Term
lactic acid (lactate)
Definition
Which molecule is produced during exercise, resulting in the oxygen debt
Term
a motor neuron and the muscle fibers it innervates
Definition
A motor unit is made up of _________________
Term
tendon
Definition
The structure that connects muscles to bones is the ______
Term
sarcolemma
Definition
The fiber cell membrane is termed the ______
Term
sarcomere
Definition
The smallest, functional unit of contraction is the
Term
twitch
Definition
What type of contraction is characterized by a rapid, jerky response to a single
stimulus?
Term
excretion
Definition
Which of the following is not performed by muscles?
Term
skeletal muscle system
Definition
Muscle tissue refers to all contractile tissue. To what does the term muscular system
most often refer?
Term
when a muscle fiber contracts, it contracts completely
Definition
The all-or-none response means that
Term
protiens
Definition
What are the actin and myosin filaments in muscle composed of?
Term
an action potential
Definition
What triggers the release of calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
Term
motor nueron
Definition
A skeletal muscle is stimulated to contract when its plasma membrane is excited by a
message from a_____________ . This message is received at the neuromuscular
junction.
Term
600
Definition
Approximately how many skeletal muscles are there in the human body?
Term
actin filaments are thin
Definition
Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning muscle organization?
Term
myosin, actin
Definition
_____ filament pulls itself down the _____ filament, causing the muscle to contract.
Term
involuntary
Definition
smooth muscle tissue is:
Term
epidermis
Definition
the outer layer of skin
Term
dermis
Definition
underlying layer of the skin
Term
keratinocytes
Definition
The most abundant epidermal cells are the.
Term
melanocytes
Definition
These cells produce and donate melanin
Term
hypodermis
Definition
This is the tissue organ below dermis.
Term
albinos
Definition
People who do not have the enzymes necessary for melanin production are :
Term
albinos
Definition
People who do not have the enzymes necessary for melanin production are :
Term
ance
Definition
A type of skin inflammation that develops after bacteria infect oil gland ducts is called
Term
hair follicles
Definition
Husklike cavities in the skin are called:
Term
melanocytes
Definition
Skin color is mostly a function of the distribution of which of the following?
Term
they serve no positive function
Definition
Which of the following is NOT true about ceruminous glands
Term
teeth
Definition
Which of the following is not a part of the integumentary system?
Term
dermis
Definition
This is the layer of skin containing connective tissue and collagenous and elastic
fibers.
Term
ultraviolent light
Definition
Which of the following causes an increase in melanin production?
Term
sudoriferous (sweat)
Definition
These skin glands function in excretion and temperature regulation.
Term
arractor pilli
Definition
These muscles are attached to the root of each hair.
Term
3
Definition
this degree of burn is the worst
Term
dermititis
Definition
This term means an inflammation of the skin.
Term
soles
Definition
The epidermis is thickest on the :
Term
movement
Definition
Which of the following is not a function of the Integumentary System ?
Term
cerumenous (wax)
Definition
These skin glands are located only in the ear canal
Term
taking in nutrients
Definition
Which of the following is NOT a function of the skin?
Term
subcutaneous
Definition
In which layer of the skin is adipose tissue most abundant?
Term
dermis
Definition
Hair follicles are located in which layer of the skin?
Term
root
Definition
What is the part of the hair below the surface of the skin ?
Term
collagenous fibers
Definition
Which of the following fibers allows skin to be elastic?
Term
the presence of adipose tissue in the hypodermis
Definition
What is the main factor in insulating the body?
Term
epidermal
Definition
Hair and fingernails are derived from the _____ cells.
Term
joint
Definition
That is an area of contact or near-contact between bones?
Term
fontanels
Definition
What joint holds teeth in sockets and connect the flat skull bones of a fetus?
Term
Hydrostatic, Exoskeleton, Endoskeleton
Definition
What are three types of skeletons predominate in the animal world?
Term
26
Definition
how many bones make up the vertebrae
Term
intervertebral disk
Definition
What are fibrous, cartilaginous structures between the vertebrae?
Term
red marrow
Definition
What part of the bone plays a major role in blood cell formation and fills spaces in some bones.
Term
arthritis
Definition
What is joint inflammation commonly called?
Term
arthritis
Definition
What is joint inflammation commonly called?
Term
ligaments
Definition
These are long straps of dense connective tissue that bridge the gaps between bones.
Term
cranial bones
Definition
These enclose and protect the brain and some sensory organs.
Term
pelvic girdle
Definition
This structure supports the weight of the vetebral column and helps protect organs.
Term
pelvic girdle
Definition
This structure supports the weight of the vetebral column and helps protect organs.
Term
yellow marrow
Definition
What converts to red marrow and produces new red blood cells when blood loss from the body is severe.
Term
femur
Definition
What is the bodies strongest weight bearing bone.
Term
bony endoskeleton
Definition
Which of the following terms best describes a frog's skeleton?
Term
exoskeleton
Definition
What type of skeleton does a butterfly have?
Term
increases
Definition
Exercising ______________ bone density
Term
hydrostatic skeleton
Definition
What type of skeletal system does a jellyfish have?
Term
bone mass will increase, then decrease
Definition
As a child ages, what changes will occur in his bones?
Term
it provides storage for glucose
Definition
Which of the following statements about the function of the skeletal system is not true?
Term
rickets
Definition
A deficiency of Vitamin D in children produces
Term
Vitamin D
Definition
An inability of the body to transport calcium and phosphorus from the digestive system may be caused by the lack of:
Term
destroy; build
Definition
Osteoclasts _________ bone and osteoblasts _________ bone.
Term
osteoarthritis
Definition
The inflammation or infection of bone is called
Term
skull, vertebral column, thorax
Definition
The axial skeleton consists of
Term
thorax
Definition
Which of the following is (are) not a part of the appendicular skeleton
Term
206
Definition
A human has at least _______ bones.
Term
thicken, strengthen
Definition
The effects of exercise on bones are to _____ and to ______ them.
Term
middle ear bones
Definition
What are the smallest bones in the body?
Term
female sacrum is wider
Definition
Which of the following is TRUE concerning the skeleton system?
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