Term
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Definition
Gram negative outer membrane (porins)
efflux pumps
capsules |
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Term
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Definition
1. alter existing genome
2. acquire new genes |
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Term
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Definition
vertical transmission
each mutation changes only 1 genetic trait
maintained in population by selective presure |
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Term
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Definition
1. mutant gene transferred to "progeny" bacteria
2. change occurs only in that particular bacterial clone |
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Term
|
Definition
1. horizontal gene transfer
2. may occur between different species
3. multiple genes transferred
4. stably maintained in population without selective pressure |
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Term
| Gram negative conjugation |
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Definition
1. sex pilus facilitates contact
2. type IV SEC: DNA transfer |
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Term
| Gram positive conjugation |
|
Definition
| use adhesion proteins on surface to facilitate contact |
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Term
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Definition
1.F + F- mating
2. HFR
3. F prime |
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Term
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Definition
1. plasmid integrates in bacterial chromosome (episome)
2. part of plasmid and some chromosomal genes transferred
3. F factor rarely transferred
4. re-integrates in recipient chromosome |
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Term
|
Definition
1. episome excised
2. takes some adjacent chromosomal genes
3, recircularizes into plasmid
4. plasmid transferred with F factor
5. does not need to be integrated
6. different species |
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Term
| Transposase gene flanked by ____________ |
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Definition
| inverted repeat sequences |
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Term
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Definition
1. possess transfer genes
2. possess genes that promote integration or insertion into genome |
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Term
|
Definition
distinct genetic units in the chromosome
- GC content differs from remainder of chromosome
-flanked by direct repeats-- indicates HGT acquisition |
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Term
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Definition
-genomic islands that contain multiple genes coding for virulence factors
- may be transferred by mobile genetic elements |
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