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Lecture 5
Wings and Eyes
16
Veterinary Medicine
Professional
09/26/2016

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Cards

Term
LOOK AT SLIDE 2
Definition
Term
What are the two most important flight muscles?
Definition
-supracoracoideus
-pectoralis
Term
What is the most common fracture sight?
Definition
-coracoids bone
Term
Avian vision exceeds in terms of what four things?
Definition
-acuity
-color dicrimination
-mvement detection and motion tracking
-size of the eye both absolute and relative
Term
Birds are (tetra/tri)chromatic, mammals are (Tetra/tri)chromatic.
Definition
-tetra
-tri
Term
What is the purpose of the nictitating membrane?
Definition
-lubricates and cleans the cornea and protects eyes from abrasion
-very transpearent
Term
What are the two advantages to the avian nictitating membrane?
Definition
-clear thus can see pretty well even when it is closed
-pupil does nto have to readjust during a blink
Term
What is accomodation in birds?
Definition
-change lens and cornea shape
-striated muscles
Term
True or FAlse: The retina is actually part of the brain.
Definition
-TRUE
Term
What are the names of the receptors of the eye?
Definition
-rods and cones
Term
What do cones do? Where in the eye are they located?
Definition
-enhance visual acuity, associated with diurnal activity
-centrally located in the eye
-cones may be single or double
Term
What do rods do? Where in the eye are they located?
Definition
-nocturnal activity, associated with non-color vision
-peripherally located
-several rods synapse with a single ganglion cell
Term
How is the retinal specialized in birds?
Definition
-near the central fovea
-extremely well organized
Term
What is the significance of birds having multiple fovea?
Definition
-that means they have several areas of high acuity
Term
What is the avian pecten?
Definition
-located on the optic disc
-highly vascular
-exact function unknown
Term
True or False: In addition to the aforementioned adaptations in the visual system, birds can also detect polarized light and sense the magnetic fiels of the earth.
Definition
-TRUE
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