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Lecture 4 (Unit 3)
The Twelve Labours of Heracles (Hercules)
21
Classics
Undergraduate 1
11/02/2015

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Term
A myth is usually of...
Definition
Unknown origin
Term
Myth is at least partly...
Definition
Traditional
Term
In Greek, Myth means...
Definition
'Story'
Term
Myths are usually...
Definition
Handed down
Term
To see who would become the patron god of the Athenians, Athena had a competition with
Definition
Posiedon
Term
What did Athena and Poseidon each do in their contest?
Definition
Athena procured an olive tree and Poseidon produced water
Term
Who became the patron god of Athens?
Definition
Athena
Term
The myths that were told entailed...
Definition
The values of religion
Term
An important character in myths is often a...
Definition
Hero
Term
How many tasks does Hercules undergo?
Definition
Twelve
Term
The parents of Hercules were...
Definition
Zeus and Alcmene
Term
Hercules married...
Definition
Megara
Term
Why did Hercules undergo twelve tasks?
Definition
To make up for his evil deeds
Term
Who sent snakes to kill Hercules?
Definition
Hera
Term
How does Hera ultimately hurt Hercules?
Definition
By driving Hercules insane and as a result he kills his wife and children
Term
"Pathei mathon" means...
Definition
Learn through suffering
Term
The qualities of a hero are...
Definition
1) must be of semi-divine birth,
2) have opposition from the beginning
3) has assistance
4) are given a challenge/test/quest that is very hard to achieve
5) the hero always provides some kind of lasting benefit or reward / die differently. Gifts can by physical or spiritual.
Term
Which gods aided Hercules in his tasks?
Definition
Athena and Hermes
Term
What were the three types of tasks Hercules received?
Definition
1) Epic-Historic (battles, raids, campaigns)
2) Folklore (monsters, magic apples, fantastic creatures)
3) Civilizing (roads, swamps, barns)
Term
A Greek hero cult was a...
Definition
Dead man venerated at his tomb for powers beyond the grave
Term
What primary qualities did Hercules hold?
Definition
Sympathy, humanity, ideal power, helpfulness
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