Term
| Keystone species have a ___ impact on the community relative to its abundance. |
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Definition
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Term
| Paine showed that starfish (species Pisaster) are ___. When they were removed, ___ and ___ took over the other species. |
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Definition
keystone predator
barnacles
mussels |
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Term
| A ___ is when interactions of one consumer species (producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer, etc.) can cause a progression of indirect effects across successive trophic levels. |
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Definition
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Term
| In a study discussed in class, when wolves were removed from an elk population, ___ populations declines. This is an example of a trophic cascade. |
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Definition
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Term
| In a study discussed in class, when herbivores (___ consumers) were excluded from a population, ___ increase in abundance. This increased beetle abundance, which increased ___ abundance, who feed on the beetles. This is an example of a trophic cascade. |
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Definition
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Term
| The theory of ___ was developed by MacArthur and Wilson. It attempts to explain why islands have fewer species than mainland. According to this theory, the number of species on an island is related to the ___ (influencing immigration) and ___ (influencing extinction). |
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Definition
island biogeography
distance to the mainland
size of the island |
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Term
| Isolated patches lose species much more quickly than those attached to ___, even if those isolated ones are large. |
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Definition
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Term
| As a patch gets smaller, the percent influenced by edge effects ___. The edge has ___ species from the rest of the plot. |
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Definition
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Term
| When an island is defaunated (removed of species) it will eventually gain ___ over time. Also, islands that are closer to mainlands will recolonize ___ than those farther away. These results are supposed by the study conducted by Wilson and Simberloff. |
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Definition
the same number of species back
faster |
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Term
| ___ are events that damage biological communities. |
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Definition
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Term
| Patterns of change in community composition following a disturbance is called ___. ___ begins in a virtually lifeless area (ex. volcanic eruptions, glacier movement, some floods), while ___ begins in an area containing some life (ex. fires, logging). During ___, ___-strategists tend to appear first. |
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Definition
succession
Primary succession
secondary succession
succession
r |
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