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Lecture 35: Histamine Antagonists
pharm
16
Pharmacology
Graduate
11/08/2011

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Cards

Term
Doxylamine
Definition

Very sedating antihistamine

Included in many over the counter sleep aides

Term
Promethazine hydrochloride
Definition
Very sedating antihistamine
Term
Hydroxyzine
Definition

Very sedating antihistamine

Used as a sedative

Term
Diphenhydramine
Definition

Sedating antihistamine

Included in over the counter sleep aides

Used to treat some forms of parkinsonism

Used to decrease respiratory secretions

Term
Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)
Definition

Sedating antihistamine

Used to treat motion sickness and vertigo

Term
Brompheniramine (Dimetapp)
Definition

Sedating antihistamine

Used in cough medicines

Term
Chlorpheniramine maleate
Definition
Sedating antihistamine
Term
Meclizine
Definition

Sedating antihistamine

Used to treat motion sickness and vertigo

Term
Loratidine(Claritin)/Desloratidine(Clarinex)
Definition
Newer, non-sedative antihistamine
Term
Certirizine (Zyrtec)
Definition
Newer, nonsedating antihistamine
Term
Fexofenadine (Allegra)
Definition
Newer, second generation non-sedative antihistamine
Term
Cimetidine
Definition

H2 antagonist

Reduce gastric acid sectretion

All sorts of side effects: antiandrogen efffect = gynecomastia, decreased libido, sexual problems

Used to treat masculinization (hirsutism) in females

Used to treat Zollinger Ellison Syndrome (gastrin secreting tumor)

Inhibits hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes resulting in all sorts of other drug metabolism issues

Term
Ranitidine (Zantac)
Definition

H2 Antagonist

Reduces gastric acid secretion

Used to treat Zollinger Ellison Syndrome (gastrin secreting tumor)

Term
Famotidine (Pepsid)
Definition

H2 Histamine antagonist

Reduces gastric acid secretion

Used to treat Zollinger Ellison Syndrome (gastrin secreting tumor)

Term
Nizatidine
Definition

H2 histamine antagonist

Reduces gastric  acid secretion

Used to treat Zollinger Ellison Syndrome (gastrin secreting tumor)

Term
Terfenadine
Definition

NOT ON OUR LIST - LONG DISCUSSION IN NOTES

Terfenadine/Astemizole + Erythromycine/Ketoconazole/Itraconazole = life threatening arrhythmias (torsades de pointers)

Terfenadine is normally metabolized in liver from toxic prodrug to active form, however when other drugs present (e.g. erythromycin) the prodrug form stays in the circulation and can cause arrthmias

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