Term
| Roots devloped after the evolution of vascular plants. This means, nonvascular plants, ___ (three types) do not have true roots. |
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Definition
| liveworts, mosses, hornworts |
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Term
| Euphyllophytes include monilophytes and seed plants and by definition have megaphylls, AKA true ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| Monilophytes, aka ___, are comprised of horsetails, whisk ferns and ___ ferns. |
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Definition
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Term
| Megaphylls, AKA true leaves, developed after ___ and before monilophytes. |
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Definition
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Term
| There are two types of xylem, AKA ___ tissue. Tracheids are found in all land plants, while vessels are only found in ___. Vessels are ___ than tracheids. Xylem are dead cells that move nutrients through capillary action. |
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Definition
vascular
angiosperms
wider
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Term
| In vascular plants, gametophytes are ___ than sporophytes. This is opposite of what is true in bryophytes. |
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Definition
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Term
| In megaphylls, end branches evolved into the ___ in the leaves. |
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Definition
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Term
| A rhizome is a ___ stem. ___ roots arise from rhizomes. |
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Definition
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Term
| Land plants are also called ___. They can be broken down into ___ and ___ (tracheophytes). |
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Definition
embryophytes
bryophytes (nonvascular plants)
vascular plants |
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Term
| Vascular plants can be broken down into ___, which do not have true leaves, and ___. |
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Definition
lycophytes
euphyllophytes |
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Term
| Euphyllophytes, AKA plants with true leaves, can be broken down into ___, AKA ferns, and seed plants. |
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Definition
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Term
| Monilophytes are made of horstails, whisk ferns and ferns. Whisk ferns have 15 species in two genera. They are flattened, reduced megaphylls (leaves), and evolved the loss of ___ and ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| Lycophytes are a major source of ___. Some of them have sporangia (enclosure of spore) in clusters called strobili while others have sporangia on upper surface of leaves called ___. There are 1,200 species of lycophtes. |
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Definition
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Term
| Monilophytes are composed of horsetails, whisk ferns and ferns. Horsetails are comprised of 15 species in one genus. They contain ___ (SiO2) in their cell wall. Stems grow from the ___. An example of a horsetail is scouring rushes. |
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Definition
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Term
| Monilophytes are composed of horsetails, whisk ferns and ferns. Ferns are compried of 12,000 species. Their sporangia (spore casing) are one cell thick and their leaves start off as coiled "___." |
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Definition
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Term
| ONLY ___ and ___ produce seeds. The rest of land plants use spores besides asexual reproduction that can occur in ___. |
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Definition
gymnosperms
angiosperms
liverworts |
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Term
| Secondary growth allows plants to increase their ___, compared to primary growth, which allows plants to increase their ___ at apical meristems. Tree bark is an important example of secondary growth. |
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Definition
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Term
| Heterospory is found in seed plants (___ and ___). In heterospory, there are two types of spores, ___ and ___. These spores develop into two distinct gametophytes, megagametophytes and microgametophytes, female and male, respectively. In homosporous plants, the same gametophyte produces both male and female gametes. In both cases, the plant produces male and female gametes, but in heterosporous plants, there are two types of spores that make male and female gametophytes. |
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Definition
gymnosperms
angiosperms
megaspore
microspore |
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Term
| Seed plants use ___, so they do not rely on water for reproduction like other plants. |
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Definition
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