Term
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Definition
| synthesis of RNA using DNA as a template |
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Definition
| carries genetic info. from the genome to the ribosome |
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Term
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Definition
| has functional and structural role in ribosomes |
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Term
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Definition
| carries amino acids for protein synthesis |
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Term
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Definition
enzyme that carries out transcription
catalyzes the formation of phosphodiester bonds between ribonucleotides using single strand of DNA as template |
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Term
five subunits: beta, beta', alpha, omega, and sigma
sigma factor dissociates easily from complex |
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Definition
| how many subunits does RNA polymerase have? |
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Term
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Definition
| initiation sites on DNA recognizes by sigma factor of RNA polymerase |
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Term
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Definition
| open double helix once RNA polymerase is bound to double helix |
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Term
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Definition
| sigma factor that is used for most genes |
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Term
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Definition
| part of promoter region located 10 bases before the site of transcription in bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
| part of promoter region located 35 bases before the site of transcription in bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
| sequence patterns that terminate transcription without additional factors eg. stem-loop or secondary structure of RNA |
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Term
| factor-dependent termination |
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Definition
| requires the action of a regulatory protein to terminate transcription |
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Term
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Definition
| regulatory protein that terminates transcription |
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Term
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Definition
segments of DNA transcribed into a single RNA molecule that are bounded by transcription initiation and termination sites
can contain single or multiple genes |
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Term
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Definition
| mRNA encoding a group of cotranscribed genes that when translated creates several polypeptides |
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Term
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Definition
| group of related genes transcribed together to yield polycistronic mRNA |
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Term
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Definition
| two major classes of proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| polymers of amino acids linked by peptide bonds |
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Term
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Definition
| amino group, carboxylic acid group, H, and side chain attached to carbon |
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Term
L-amino acids
the L enantiomer |
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Definition
| natural proteins mirror image pair |
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Term
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Definition
| linear sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide |
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Term
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Definition
| synthesis of proteins using the information in mRNA |
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Term
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Definition
correspondence between the nucleic acid template and the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide
written in RNA |
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Term
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Definition
| triplet bases that correspond to an amino acid |
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Term
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Definition
| How many amino acids and codons are there? |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| complementary sequences of 3 bases found on tRNAs used to recognize codons |
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Term
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Definition
| irregular base pairing at the 3rd position of the codon |
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Term
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Definition
regulatory sequence in bacterial mRNA that aligns reading frame for translation
about 8 bases upstream of AUG |
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Term
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Definition
start codon followed by codons and a stop codon in a single reading frame
considered putative protein |
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Term
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Definition
the multiple codons for a single amino acid are not used equally for a given species
based on tRNAs present |
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