Term
| Psychobiologists are interested in the relationship between what two things? |
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Definition
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| When Scientists discuss the relative contributions of brain or environment to behavior of what two things? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who were the first two individuals to bring up the nature vs. nurture controvery? |
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Definition
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Term
What was PLato's belief about knowledge?
How do we obtain knowledge? |
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Definition
Knowledge is innate
we obtain it by thinking |
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Term
How did Aristotle believe we came into the world?
what creates the mind? |
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Definition
As a blank slate
experience |
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Term
| What inspired Rene Descartes to come up with the Mind-Body Problem? |
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Definition
| Robots, which were essentially humans with no souls. |
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| What did Descartes view animals as? |
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Definition
| Robotic reflexive Machines |
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Term
| What did Descartes study? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why did Descartes think the Pineal Body was important? |
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Definition
| It was the only thing that was not designed to be on the left or the right |
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Term
| What is the best evidence that the brain has anything at all to do with behavior and consciousness? |
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Definition
1. elderly showing behavior deficits and legions
2. those with brain damage have problems with behavior
3. electrical stimulation of the brain |
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Term
| What did Julien Offray De La Mettrec believe about the mind? |
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Definition
| Monism - That it is an emergent property of the Brain's Activity. |
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Term
| What do North American Psychologists emphasize when studying lab Animals? |
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Definition
| nurture and focusing on learning |
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Term
| What do European Psychologists emphasis on animals? |
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Definition
| nurture and instinctive behavior. |
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Term
| What does "nature" entail in terms of Psychobio? |
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Definition
| genes, inheritance, instinct |
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Term
| What does "nurture" entail in Psychobio? |
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Definition
| environments, experience, and learning |
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Term
| What do ethnologists study? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do psychologists believe today in terms of nature and nurture? |
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Definition
| that nature is sculpted by nurture |
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Term
| What three things did Darwin observe? |
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Definition
| artificial selection, fossil sequences, and comparative anatomy |
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Term
| What are the [4] tenants of natural selection? |
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Definition
1. Variation > 0
2. overproduction of young
3. competition for limited resources
4. differential reproductive success |
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Term
| What does Variation > 0 mean? |
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Definition
| no individuals aren't exactly the same, not even identical twins |
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Term
| What [3] thing cause mutation? |
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Definition
1. mutations - random genetic events
2. sexual reproduction
3. crossing over |
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Term
| What is fitness in terms of evolution? |
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Definition
| Anything that gives an individual a reproductive advantage. |
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Term
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Definition
| beneficial characteristics that lead to reproductive success of individuals |
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Term
| what part of the brain is only present in mammals? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the outermost layers of cells of the brain |
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Term
| What area of the brain is in Humans that we have been unable to identify in our closest living relatives? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are homologous structures? |
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Definition
| two or more structures that share common evolutionary roots or have common embryonic origins |
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Term
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Definition
parts of the body that look alike and do the same thing that are different in structure
wings of birds and insects |
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Definition
| similar structures due to common need |
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Term
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Definition
| structures becoming different into a variety of new forms |
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Term
| What is adaptive radiation? |
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Definition
| taking the species and putting them in different environments |
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Term
| In adaptive radiation, which of the species will survive and what happens as a result? |
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Definition
the ones more suited for the environment will survive and reproduce
as a result, they become different species that refuse to interbreed with each other and are more likely to interbreed |
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Term
| What are animals that have dorsal chords called? |
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Definition
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Term
| Emergence of types of Animals in chronological order |
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Definition
| Boney Fish -> Amphibians on Land -> Reptiles with Hard Shelled Eggs -> mammals and prenatal care -> Australopithecines -> Homo Habilis -> Homo Erectus -> Homo Sapiens -> Rat, Cat, Monkey, Man |
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Term
| Who are two big names concerning basic genetics? |
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Definition
| Gregor Mendel and Charles Darwin |
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Term
| What did Darwin and Mendel study? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
| the sum-total of an organism's genes |
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Definition
| the physical expression of those genes |
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Definition
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Definition
| cell with 23 pairs [46 total] |
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