Term
| Systemic Therapy for Hyperacute Bacterial conjunctivitis for patients with allergic Cephalosporin/PCN |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| used for treatment of hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis for patients allergic to cephalosporin/PCN; 4th generation fuoroquinolone; Meachanism of action: 1. Inhibits gyrase and topisomerase IV, 2. Gyrase more in gram (-); 3. Topoisomerase IV in gram +; Active against gram + and -; Once daily, IV infusion administered over a period of 1 hour. MIC is less than 2 ug/mL; Kinetics: 80-95% absorption via oral administration , not affected by high fat content food, slightly affected by bivalent cations, 2. peak serum concentrate. aprox. 30 min to 1 hour, 3. High and wide tissue distribution, 4. Undergoes mainly hepatic metabolism and fecal excretion. Resistance – modifying enzyme binding site, efflux pump mechanism, altered membrane permeability; |
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Term
| Treatment for Acute Bacterial Conjunctivitis (suspected staph.) |
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Definition
| Quixin 0.5%, Zymar 0.3%, or vigamox 0.5% |
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Term
| Acute Bacterial Conjunctivitis |
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Definition
| Most common is Staph. Aureus, Strep. Pnneumoniae (in children), H. influenza (in children, not as common anymore); less common: Pseudomonas, Moraxella; Risk factors – warmth and humidity, poor hygiene, crowded environments; Mucopurlanet discharge (yellowish, mild-mod), conj. hyperemia > inferiorly, papillary reaction upper tarsus, SKP inferior, inferior marginal infiltrates/ ulcers (sterile) |
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Term
| Quixin 0.5%, Zymar 0.3%, or vigamox 0.5% |
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Definition
| Latest generation fluorquinolones, 1st line therapy, gram + and -; used qid; used for suspected staph acute bacterial conjunctivitis |
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Term
| Treatment for Acute Bacterial Conjunctivitis (suspected Haemophilus) |
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Definition
| a. Quixin 0.5%, Zymar 0.3% or Vigamox 0.5% (1st line) b. Ocuflox 0.3%, Ciloxan 0.3% (1st line); Polytrim |
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Term
| Ocuflox 0.3%, ciloxan 0.3% (1st line) |
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Definition
| 2nd generation fluroquinolones; Less active against Gram (+); Used Qid |
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Term
| Treatment for Bacterial Conjunctivitis (susptected staph/Haemophilis) |
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Definition
| 2nd line therapy short term, AMINOGLYCOSIDES |
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Term
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Definition
| Bactericidal, Binds to 30s subunits leading to altered cell membrane permeability; Main activity against gram (-) bacilli and staphylococcus species. Systemic administration mainly via intramuscular injection primarily; Not administered orally (except neomycin) due to poor gastrointestinal absorption; Systemic administration may lead to ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and respiratory depression (reserved for severe systemic gram (-) infections; Excreted in the urine (dosage adjustment); Effective in topical ophthalmic use, but only for short therapy (5-7 days); Resistance 1. Ateration of the 30s subunit binding site, 2. Change cell membrane permeability, 3. Enzymatic inactivation |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Oldest, Oral, Topical / Ophthalmic and IM; Ineffective against Pseudomonas (is the group exception) |
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Term
| Moxifloxacin IV Adverse Effects |
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Definition
| ADVERSE EFFECTS – phototoxicity may occur, Headaches, Tendonitis and other destructive arthorpathies not recommended in pregnant women and patients under the age of 18 |
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Term
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Definition
| Use to be the broad spectrum drug of choice in bacterial conjunctivitis and sterile contact lens related corneal ulcers; Corneal toxicity after 1 week of use; Still use as short term therapy |
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Term
| Aminoglycosides Adverse Effects |
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Definition
| Systemic: Vestiublar annd Auditory Dysfunctionn, Nephrotoxicity, Respiratory depression OCULAR: Toxic keratitis (decrease cell migrationn, eptihelial erosions, Conjunctival hyperemia, chemosis, follicular reaction |
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