Term
| blood oxygenation in 4 chambers |
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Definition
left side - oxygenated
right side - deoxygenated |
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Term
| if valves don't open well, could be due to... |
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Definition
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Term
| if valves don't close properly, could b due to... |
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Definition
| insufficiency, regurgitation |
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Term
| mitral regurgitation causes what? (2) |
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Definition
increase in LA pressure
SOB secondary to backflow into lungs |
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Term
| pulmonary artery carries... |
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Definition
| venous (deoxygenated) blood to lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| arterial (oxygenated) blood to LA |
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Term
| right coronary artery goes... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| RCA, left cirumflex artery, LAD (circumflex and LAD from LCA) |
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Term
| left circumflex artery goes... |
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Definition
| around side and back of heart |
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Term
| left anterior descending goes... |
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Definition
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Term
| right coronary artery runs in... |
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Definition
| atrioventricular groove and supplies inferior wall of heart via posterior descending artery |
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Term
| circuflex and RCA form a... |
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Definition
| "C" in actrioventricar groove, which is segment between atria and ventricles |
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Term
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Definition
| chest pain resulting from coronary spasm and/or ischemia (lack of O2) to heart |
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Term
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Definition
| relatively consistent; pts experience condition when they reach a certain level of activity-->exacerbated by ischemia to heart |
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Term
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Definition
CHANGE IN PATTERN
occurs w/progressively less exercise or stimuli - increases as condition worsens and can result in acute MI
often brought on by a coronary spasm and can present as new onsent of angina or occurring at rest |
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Term
| PTCS before stents - despite high level of safety ass. w/PTCA, there is...(3) |
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Definition
10% acute and threatened closure (thrombus, dissection, vasospasm, elastic recoil)
40-60% restenosis
30% restenosis rate of repeat PTCAs
*was better than surgery in limited cases, but really wasn't that great a procedure |
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Term
Drug Eluting Stents
1. acute osslusion percent
2. restenosis percent
3. downside |
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Definition
1. acute occlusion 1%
2. restenosis 4% w/in 6 mo
3. anti-platelet therapy for at least 1 yr vs 1 month w/bare metal stents |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| cc of blood ejected w/each heartbeat |
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Term
ejection fraction =
normal EF = |
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Definition
percentage of blood ejected from the LV w/each heartbeat
normal EF = 50-70%
**EF measures pumping ability of heart |
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Term
4 Functional Classes of Heart Disease (Angina or CHF)
Class I |
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Definition
Class I
no limitation onf physical activity
ordinary activity does not induce symptomology |
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Term
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Definition
| slight limitation on pysical activity in which the pt becomes symptomatic (ex. walking up a hill) |
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Term
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Definition
marked limitation on physical activity; comfortable only at rest
*pt becomes symptomatic w/ordinary activites |
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Term
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Definition
| pt symptomatic at rest and is unable to engage in any limited activites w/o discomfort and pain-->can't engage in anything, so is just sitting there |
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Term
| 1st clinical symptom 1 sees of heart failure is... |
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Definition
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Term
| indication for pacemaker (1 + 3) |
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Definition
slow heart beat:
sick sinus syndrome (tachy-brady)
2nd degree type Ii or 3rd degree heart block
syncope secondary to prolonged HV interval |
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Term
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Definition
| alternating fast/slow rhythm (tachy-brady) |
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Term
| Automatic implantable coronary defibrillator (AICD) indications (1 general + 4) |
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Definition
ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation
1. cardiomyopathy w/EF 35% or less
2. recurrent sustained ventricular tachycardia
3. congestive heart failure (BI-V-AICD = upgraded defibrillator)
4. out of hospital "cardiac death" |
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Term
| w/regard to pacemakers, these days most people have one that's... |
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Definition
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